RAPID: Effective Recovery for Organizations from the COVID-19: Optimizing Strategic Responses

企业组织如何从危机中恢复？对危机的研究表明，人类社区的反应有很大不同；危机给个别组织和组织社区带来了共同的问题，但解决办法可能难以捉摸。这个项目将增进关于组织恢复在应对新冠肺炎大流行病和全球经济危机方面的有效性的基本知识。该项目将帮助各组织和管理人员更好地了解在何种条件下，应对史无前例的危机的组织可以更有效地恢复。结果将通过强调从研究条件中得出的见解，使组织和管理人员掌握如何选择应对危机的战略对策的知识和技能。该项目将与佛罗里达大学创业和创新中心合作，通过提供免费的网络研讨会，向管理人员和研究人员解释能够帮助组织，特别是中小企业，更有效地从当前危机中恢复过来的战略应对措施，从而向商界和科学界传播成果。项目结果和活动将有助于确保美国的经济竞争力，并促进我们国家的安全和保障。当危机发生时，企业组织需要采取战略行动来恢复，但领导者和经理可能不清楚该采取什么行动。该项目将为制定从新冠肺炎大流行和全球经济危机中有效恢复的进程和行动提供规范性的理论指导。该项目将对组织对当前危机的有效恢复的战略反应进行分类、解释和评估，并回答三个研究问题：第一，在组织恢复的多种途径中，哪一条更有效？第二，哪些组织和环境因素最有利于有效恢复？第三，动态适应(例如，将资源分配从组织自身的重建转变为以社区为基础的自我组织努力，反之亦然)对恢复有效吗？访谈数据将用于告知、验证和改进旨在解释和评价各组织战略应对措施有效性的计算模型。该项目将使用这一模型来比较各种反应的差异，并探索在哪些条件下某些反应对组织恢复可能更有效。该项目将产生：(1)对危机的战略反应进行多层次分类，以促进组织的恢复；(2)对危机的战略反应进行解释和评价，以实现有效的恢复。使用混合方法，该项目不仅将用访谈数据证实计算模型，而且还将使用该模型将理解扩展到案例观察之外。调查结果将为组织有关商业战略的理论提供信息，特别是在危机和极端事件的背景下。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

How do business organizations recover from a crisis? Studies of crises show that human communities differ significantly in their responses; a crisis presents individual organizations and communities of organizations with a common problem, yet solutions may be elusive. This project will advance basic knowledge about the effectiveness of organizational recovery in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and global economic crisis. The project will help organizations and managers to better understand the conditions under which organizations responding to a crisis of unprecedented magnitude may recover more effectively. Results will equip organizations and managers with knowledge and skills about how to choose strategic responses to crisis, by highlighting the insights derived from study conditions. In collaboration with the University of Florida Entrepreneurship and Innovation Center, the project will disseminate results to business and scientific communities by providing free-of-charge webinars that explain to managers and researchers the strategic responses that can help organizations, particularly small-and-medium sized enterprises, to more effectively recover from the current crisis. Project findings and activities will help to ensure the economic competitiveness of the United States and promote our nation's safety and security. When crises occur, business organizations need to move strategically to recover, but leaders and managers may be unclear as to which actions to take. The project will provide prescriptive theoretical directions for the development of processes and actions toward effective recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and global economic crisis. The project will classify, explain, and evaluate organizations’ strategic responses to the current crisis for effective recovery and answer three research questions: First, among the multiple paths toward organizational recovery, which ones are more effective? Second, what organizational and environmental factors are most conducive to effective recovery? Third, would dynamic adaptation (e.g., switching resource allocation from the organization’s own rebuilding to community-based self-organizing efforts, and vice versa) be effective for recovery? Interview data will be used to inform, validate and improve a computational model designed to explain and evaluate the effectiveness of strategic responses of organizations. The project will use this model to compare a wide range of variation in responses, and probe the conditions under which certain responses could be more effective for organizational recovery. The project will produce: (1) a multi-level taxonomy of strategic responses to crisis for organizational recovery and (2) an explanation and evaluation of strategic responses to crisis for effective recovery. Using a mixed-method approach, the project will not only corroborate a computational model with interview data, but also use the model to extend understanding beyond case observations. Findings will inform theories of organization regarding business strategy, especially within the context of crises and extreme events.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.