The epic modelling of ideological conflicts in the early modern era

该项目的基本假设是，意识形态冲突的建模构成了史诗叙事的基本结构动力，也是其中心主题之一。例如，这种冲突出现在基督教和异教徒立场之间的对立中，基督教和伊斯兰教的权力主张之间，拉丁天主教和拜占庭宗教和文化之间，拉丁人和古代晚期的野蛮之间，旧世界和新世界文化之间，而且更一般地说，是先验世界观和世俗世界观之间的二分法。这些对立构成了史诗情节模式的基础。它们在很大程度上与时空比喻相联系，时空比喻的特定表现型对于作者和文本在早期现代话语世界中的意识形态定位至关重要，也可以为与整个时期的基本特征相关的认识变化提供证据。通过研究特定的时空冲突形成，因为它们涉及到手头的个别情况下，该项目的目的是提供第一个全面分析的基本认识问题，将遇到的叙事文本从14世纪到17世纪（偶尔的补充，以后来的作品）。文本集至少包括下列作品：（a）Petrarca，Africa;（B）Sannazaro，De partu virginis;维达，Christias;（c）Pusculo，Constantinopolis; Zuppardo，Alfonseis; Filelfo，Amyris; Bargaeus，Syrias;（d）特里西诺，Italia liberata dai Goti; Ronsard，Franciade;（e）Gambara，De navigatione Christophori Columbi; Stella，Columbeis; Stigliani，Del mondo nuovo;普拉丘斯，亚特兰蒂斯网;卡拉拉，哥伦布。分析将借鉴洛特曼的符号圈的概念，一个术语，这是由洛特曼指定的符号圈组织与文化的时空组织的融合。文学文本成为意识形态、时空定位的文化框架的首选舞台（人造符号圈）相互联系，以及它们各自的有效性要求在哪里进行谈判。该项目试图解决的基本问题是，这些史诗般的冲突，尽管它们对情节构成非常重要，通过一个充满紧张的符号圈结构来表现自己，同时上演相反的行动空间和它们所对应的敌对意识形态，或者换句话说：一个充满时间对比的情节结构是如何被部署来表达文本必须在一个对整个时期具有重大意义的认识角度中参与的根本不同的世界观的。因此，所要解决的问题是A. Nünning最近刚刚阐明，即>>对文化和空间的各种历史、特定时期和民族语言模式的重建。

The basic hypothesis of the project is that the modelling of ideological conflicts constitutes a fundamental structural impetus for epic narrative as well as one of its central topics. Such conflicts emerge, for example, in the opposition between Christian and pagan positions, between the claims to power of Christianity and Islam, between Latin-catholic and Byzantine religion and culture, between latinitas and >barbarism< in Late Antiquity, between the cultures of the Old and the New World, but also in more general terms as a dichotomy between transcendental and secular world views. These oppositions form the very substrate for the modelling of the epic plot. They are linked to spatiotemporal figurations to a great extent, the specific phenotype of which is crucial for the ideological positioning of authors and texts within the Early Modern universe of discourse, and which can also provide evidence for epistemic changes that are relevant for the basic characterization of the period as a whole. By examining the specific chronotopic conflict formations as they pertain to the individual case at hand, the project aims to provide the first comprehensive analysis of the fundamental epistemic problems to be encountered in narrative texts from the 14th to the 17th centuries (with the occasional excursus to later works). The textual corpus will consist of the following works at the least: (a) Petrarca, Africa; (b) Sannazaro, De partu virginis; Vida, Christias; (c) Pusculo, Constantinopolis; Zuppardo, Alfonseis; Filelfo, Amyris; Bargaeus, Syrias; (d) Trissino, Italia liberata dai Goti; Ronsard, Franciade; (e) Gambara, De navigatione Christophori Columbi; Stella, Columbeis; Stigliani, Del mondo nuovo; Placcius, Atlantis retecta; Carrara, Columbus. The analysis will draw on Lotman*s concept of the semiosphere, a term which is specified by Lotman to denote a conflation of the semiospheric organization with the spatiotemporal organization of cultures. Literary texts become the preferred stage on which ideological, spatiotemporally positioned cultural frameworks (artificial semiospheres) are put into relation with each other, and where their respective validity claims are negotiated.The basic question the project seeks to resolve is how these epic conflicts, highly significant as they are for plot composition, manifest themselves via a tension-filled semiospheric structure which simultaneously stages contrary spaces of action and the antagonistic ideologies they correspond to, or to put it differently: how a plot construction rich in chronotopical contrasts is deployed to express the fundamentally different world views the texts have to engage with in an epistemic agon of great relevance for the period as a whole. What is being addressed is thus a desideratum which A. Nünning articulated just recently, namely >>a reconstruction of various historical, period-specific and national-linguistic models of culture and space<<.