The Role of Cyclonic Upwelling Eddies in Southern Ocean CO2 Flux

摘要：威廉姆斯第1部分：南大洋印度海区冬季大气-海洋二氧化碳(CO2)通量中涡旋作用的表征配对2021年南半球冬季将有两个名为Saildres的自主航行飞行器，它们将携带传感器，直接测量大气和海洋中的二氧化碳浓度(PCO2)、大气压力和风速，从而能够以5公里的分辨率计算海-气二氧化碳通量，其精度与基于船舶的测量相似。为了扩大对物理和化学海洋学、机器人和数据科学的参与，Pi Williams和Graduate将为USF的女孩海洋夏令营(OCG)开发和提供以帆船为重点的教学计划，OCG是一个为期三周的夏令营，面向佛罗里达州坦帕湾地区的8年级女孩。自1991年以来，OCG通过招募不同的年轻女性扩大了参与范围，并被美国国家科学基金会认可为STEM示范项目。第二部分：跟随浮动平台的海面将携带传感器套件，直接测量大气和海洋中温室气体二氧化碳(PCO2)、大气压力和风速的浓度，从而能够以类似于在航船的分辨率和精度直接计算海-气二氧化碳通量。该项目的总体目标是确定冬季二氧化碳变率与涡旋的存在和结构之间的关系，并利用这些关系更好地表示南大洋二氧化碳通量的中尺度变率。该项目的总体目标是确定冬季二氧化碳可变性与涡旋的存在和结构之间的关系，并利用这些关系更好地表示南大洋二氧化碳通量的中尺度可变性。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为是值得支持的。

Abstract: WilliamsPart 1: Characterization of the role of eddies in wintertime air-sea carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean pairs two autonomous sailing vehicles called Saildrones will take place during austral winter 2021.The Saildrones will carry sensors to directly measure atmospheric and oceanic concentrations of CO2 (pCO2), atmospheric pressure, and wind speed to allow calculation of air-sea CO2 flux at 5-km resolution and with similar accuracy to an underway ship-based measurements.To broaden participation in physical and chemical oceanography, robotics, and data science, PI Williams and Graduate Student will develop and deliver a Saildrone-focused lesson plan for USF’s Oceanography Camp for Girls (OCG), a hands-on three-week summer camp for 8th grade girls from the Tampa Bay, FL area. Since 1991, OCG has broadened participation by recruiting diverse young women and is recognized by NSF as a model STEM program.Part 2: The surface following floating platforms will carry sensor suites to directly measure atmospheric and oceanic concentrations of the greenhouse gas CO2 (pCO2), atmospheric pressure, and wind speed allowing direct calculation of air-sea CO2 fluxes at a resolution and an accuracy similar to that of underway ships. The overall objectives of this project are to determine the relationship between wintertime pCO2 variability and the presence and structure of eddies, and to use these relationships to create a better representation of mesoscale variability in Southern Ocean CO2 fluxes. An ability to inform data from the SOCCOM autonomous float array in crossing surface tracks will also be explored.The overall objectives of this project are to determine the relationship between wintertime pCO2 variability and the presence and structure of eddies and to use these relationships to create a better representation of mesoscale variability in Southern Ocean CO2 flux.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.