PM: Precision Measurements and Fundamental Symmetries: Measuring the Muon Magnetic Moment Anomaly and Electric Dipole Moments

在最基本的层面上对自然的描述是由一组基本粒子组成的-基本粒子-以及对它们之间的力的解释，这些力应该描述物理宇宙中的所有物质和现象。 “标准模型”包含了我们所知道的关于我们周围正常物质的一切。然而，标准模型并没有描述已经观察到的一切，特别是没有解释宇宙是如何演化成物质多于反物质的，以及可能存在哪些额外的粒子和力。μ子和电子一样，是自然界中普遍存在的基本粒子。 但是μ介子是放射性的，不是正常物质的一部分。高精度测量μ子的磁和电特性是探索“新物理学”最有前途的方法之一，需要开发控制和检测磁场的技术。这些技术在医学、地质勘探和国防方面有着广泛的应用。这项研究将测量μ子和中子的基本性质，并为不同的本科生，研究生和博士后提供特殊的培训。PI将合作进行费米实验室μ子g-2实验。他的主要作用是领导测量磁场的工作，因为它将μ子自旋进动频率与磁矩异常和标准模型联系起来。为费米实验室Run-1磁场校准链开发的绝对He-3磁力计将得到改进，并用于校准NMR磁力计，该磁力计将校准传输到磁存储环中的所有探头。 PI将合作使用潘宁阱技术直接测量He-3核的磁矩，并将继续与商业伙伴合作开发低场绝对He-3磁力测量。中子的电偶极矩也将使用洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室世界领先的超冷中子源进行测量。特别是，PI将推进使用一系列磁力计和技术监测磁场的新方法，并开发研究系统效应的新方法。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

A description of nature at its most fundamental level is comprised of a set of fundamental pieces – elementary particles – and an explanation of the forces between them that should describe all matter and phenomena in the physical universe. The "Standard Model" encompasses everything we know about the normal matter that surrounds us. The Standard Model does not, however, describe everything that has been observed and, in particular, does not explain how the universe evolved with more matter than anti-matter and what additional particles and forces may exist. The muon, like the electron, is an elementary particle which is prevalent in Nature. But the muon is radioactive and not part of normal matter. Measuring the magnetic and electric properties of the muon with great precision is one of the most promising ways to explore “new physics” and requires developing technologies for controlling and detecting magnetic fields. These technologies have broad applications to medicine, geological exploration, and defense. This research will measure the fundamental properties of the muon and the neutron as well as to provide exceptional training for a diverse cohort of undergraduates, graduate students, and post-docs.The PI will collaborate on the Fermilab Muon g-2 experiment. His primary role is to lead the effort to measure the magnetic field because it connects the muon spin precession frequency to the magnetic moment anomaly and the Standard Model. The absolute He-3 magnetometer developed for the Fermilab Run-1 magnetic field calibration chain will be improved and used for calibration of the NMR magnetometer that transfers calibrations to all the probes in the magnetic storage ring. The PI will collaborate on direct measurement of the magnetic moment of the He-3 nucleus using Penning trap techniques, and will continue the development of low-field absolute He-3 magnetometry in collaboration with commercial partners. The electric dipole moment of the neutron will also be measured using the world's leading ultra-cold neutron source at Los Alamos National Laboratory. In particular, the PI will advance novel approaches to monitoring the magnetic field using an array of magnetometers and technologies and develop new approaches to study of systematic effects.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.