Electroweak Interactions and Fundamental Symmetries in Effective Field Theories

原子是由带正电的原子核和带负电的电子组成的。原子核本身是由质子和中子组成的。原子核的性质是我们理解宇宙的一个重要方面，比如大爆炸核合成或恒星演化。此外，核子实验可以告诉我们自然界中存在的基本力。然而，核子本身是由称为夸克和胶子的基本粒子构成的复合粒子，因此具有有限的尺寸。这一特征使核相互作用的建模和不确定性的确定变得复杂，而不确定性对于解释理论计算和实验之间可能存在的分歧很重要。该项目将使用一种称为有效场论的工具来计算核系统如何与弱相互作用和电磁相互作用相互作用，并为一些重要的实验相关观测提供预测。有效场论是一种可以提供可靠的不确定性估计的工具，它将用于减少一些重要观测值的不确定性。因此，这项工作也将提高我们对核相互作用的理解。本项目旨在利用有效场理论（EFT）提高对电弱过程的理解。EFT是系统固有的规模分离所决定的比率的系统扩张。PI将使用两种EFT，短程相互作用EFT （SREFT）和手性EFT （CEFT）。PI和他的合作者将使用SREFT和CEFT计算3核子体系的结构函数。反过来，这将允许改进对氢光谱的核修正的预测，这将用于将原子物理实验与核物理特性联系起来。对于SREFT， PI将考虑电偶极矩（EDM），并尝试了解库仑相互作用和有限范围效应如何影响EDM外形因素。在这里，SREFT提供了一个理解这种计算的重整化/不确定性的指南，通过实验，可以提供对标准模型之外的物理特征的可能见解。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Atoms are composed of the positively charged nucleus and negatively charged electrons. The nucleus itself is made up of protons and neutrons. The properties of nuclei are an important aspect of our understanding of the universe, such as big bang nucleosynthesis or stellar evolution. In addition, experiments with nucleons can inform us about the fundamental forces that exist in nature. Nucleons, however, are composite particles themselves built from elementary particles called quarks and gluons and have therefore a finite size. This feature complicates the modeling of the nuclear interaction and of the determination of uncertainties that are important to interpret possible disagreements between theoretical calculations and experiments. This project will use a tool called effective field theory to calculate how nuclear systems interact with the weak and electromagnetic interaction and provide predictions for a number of important experimentally relevant observables. Effective field theory is one tool that can provide reliable uncertainty estimates and it will be used to reduce uncertainties on a number of important observables. This work will thereby also improve our understanding of the nuclear interaction.This project aims at improving the understanding of electroweak processes using effective field theory (EFT). EFT is a systematic expansion in a ratio dictated by a system-inherent scale separation. The PI will use two EFTs, the EFT for short-range interactions (SREFT) and chiral EFT (CEFT). The PI and his collaborators will calculate structure functions for the 3-nucleon system using SREFT and CEFT. In turn, that will allow for improved predictions for nuclear corrections to the hydrogen spectrum that will be used to connect atomic physics experiments with nuclear physics properties. With the SREFT the PI will consider electric dipole moments (EDM) and try to understand how the Coulomb interaction and finite range effects impact the EDM form factors. Here, SREFT provides a guide to understanding the renormalization/uncertainties for such a calculation that, through experiments, can provide possible insights into features of physics beyond the standard model.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.