Collaborative Research: HNDS-I: A global seafood trade network database for sustainable food systems, human health, and nutrition security

在世界各地，超过四分之一的粮食是国际贸易。全球贸易可以以更低的价格提供食品，全年供应更多种类的食品，并抵御当地供应短缺，如作物歉收。与此同时，全球贸易也有缺点，可能对粮食安全构成风险。例如，环境灾害可能造成供应短缺，并将其转嫁给进口国，或者营养食品可能被从国内市场转移。海鲜是世界各地重要的营养来源，也是贸易量最大的食品之一。因此，必须了解全球海产品贸易何时会改善或威胁粮食和营养安全。这笔赠款将支持建立一个数据库，跟踪全球海鲜市场的产品流动。该数据库将包括关于各国之间正在交易的海产品种类的信息，谁在出售，谁在购买，以及买家和卖家网络如何随着时间的推移而变化。 该项目将建立水产资源物种贸易（ARTIS）数据库，该数据库将首次显示海产品物种的全球流动情况。该数据库将有助于研究粮食系统全球化对环境和人类的影响，包括更好地了解贸易促进环境可持续性、人类健康和粮食安全的条件。这些领域的研究一直受到数据缺失的限制，对于现有的数据，数据的分类和产品分辨率不匹配。ARTIS数据库将使用优化技术来调整公共数据集。这些相互关联的数据集将与关于不同种类海产品营养成分的新数据相结合。ARTIS将通过发布基本数据和代码，将数据和代码与可下载的R软件包存档，并开发一个互动网站，使用户能够在不下载数据或不需要编码技能的情况下探索海产品贸易，向研究人员提供。ARTIS数据库对于回答有关全球海产品贸易在可持续食品生产和营养安全中的作用的紧迫问题非常重要。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Around the world, over a quarter of all food is traded internationally. Global trade can provide foods at lower prices, supply more types of foods year-round, and resist local supply shortages, such as crop failures. At the same time, global trade has drawbacks and can pose a risk to food security. For example, environmental disasters can create supply shortages that are passed on to importing countries or nutritious foods can be redirected away from domestic markets. Seafood is an important source of nutrition around the world and is among the most highly traded foods. As a result, it is important to understand when global seafood trade either improves or threatens food and nutrition security. This grant will support the construction of a database that will track the flows of products in the global seafood market. The database will include information on the kinds of seafood that are being traded across countries, who is selling it and who is buying it, and how this network of buyers and sellers changes over time. This project will construct the Aquatic Resource Trade in Species (ARTIS) database which will show the global flow of seafood species for the first time. This database will enable research on the environmental and human outcomes of food system globalization, including a better understanding of the conditions under which trade promotes environmental sustainability, human health, and food security. Research in these areas has been limited by missing data and, for the data that exist, mismatches in the taxonomic and product resolution of the data. The ARTIS database will use techniques of optimization to align public data sets. These linked datasets will be joined to new data on the nutrient content of different kinds of seafood. ARTIS will be available to researchers by publishing the underlying data and code, archiving the data and code with a downloadable R package, and development of an interactive website that will allow users to explore the seafood trade without downloading data or requiring coding skills. The ARTIS database will be important for answering pressing questions about the role of global seafood trade in sustainable food production and nutrition security.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.