Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: Long term Flooding Consequences

该奖项全部或部分由2021年美国救援计划法案（公法117-2）资助。研究人员将进行跨学科研究，研究俄亥俄州河谷传统社会的弹性。洪水是人类面临的最常见的自然灾害，长期以来在塑造我们的自然和社会环境方面发挥着重要作用。随着世界许多地区大规模洪水事件的风险增加，至关重要的是要建立尽可能多的信息，了解两种洪水状况如何随时间变化，以及社区如何应对这些事件。考古学为研究这些问题提供了一个独特的深入分析时间框架。目前，试图制定防洪和应对计划的政策制定者往往仅限于最多只有几百年历史的历史数据。相反，本项目将提供有关俄亥俄州和大迈阿密河交汇处洪水变化的长期信息。因此，城市规划者、工程师、城市管理者和应急人员将能够更准确地规划附近现代河流社区的洪水事件。此外，当地的学生和志愿者将参与这个项目，允许在他们居住的地方进行跨学科研究的独特体验。调查人员将研究位于俄亥俄州和大迈阿密河交汇处的警卫队驻地的居民如何适应各种规模的洪水。洪水通常被视为现代美国社会的风险;然而，洪水也是沿着洪泛平原沉积营养丰富的沉积物以及补充沼泽和牛轭湖的关键，创造了资源丰富的环境马赛克。几千年来，传统社会充分利用了北美的这些洪泛平原环境，与环境中的自然元素建立了独特的关系。对于生活在北美最大的河流之沿着的农民来说，他们对偶尔发生的大大小小的洪水的适应能力是什么样的？这项研究结合了土壤科学和考古学的方法来研究这些过程。将考古发掘数据与地质土芯、洪水沉积物和可能的重建事件的信息相结合，进行交叉检查。这一跨学科数据集将有助于更好地确定自然灾害对这些社区社会生活的作用。简而言之，这项研究将澄清长期的社会生态关系，在美国东部的农业社区促进完善目前的理论模型的作用，河流环境中的社区生活history.This奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准的支持。

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).Reseachers will undertake interdisciplinary research to study the resiliency of a traditional society in the Ohio River Valley. Floods are the most common natural hazard faced by human populations, having long played an important role in shaping our natural and social environments. As the risk of large-scale flood events increases in many parts of the world, it is crucial to build as much information about how both flood regimes change over time, as well as how communities may respond to these events. Archaeology provides a unique deep timeframe of analysis to study these issues. Currently, policymakers attempting to plan for flood prevention and responses are often limited to historical data that are only a few hundred years old at best. In contrast, this project will provide long term information regarding changes in flooding at the confluence of the Ohio and Great Miami Rivers. As a result, urban planners, engineers, city administrators, and first responders will be able to plan for flood events more accurately in nearby modern river communities. Furthermore, local students and volunteers will be involved in this project, allowing for a unique experience performing interdisciplinary research where they live. The investigators will examine how the inhabitants of the Guard site located at the confluence of the Ohio and Great Miami Rivers, were resilient to inundation at various scales. Floods are often viewed as risks in modern American society; however, floods are also key in depositing nutrient rich sediments along the floodplain as well as replenishing back swamps and oxbow lakes, creating a resource rich environmental mosaic. Traditional societies took full advantage of these floodplain environments across North America for millenia, creating a unique relationship with the natural elements of their environment. What did resiliency to occasional floods both large and small look like for agriculturalists living along one of the largest rivers in North America? This research uses a combination of soil science and archaeological methods to examine these processes. Combining archaeological excavation data with information from geological soil cores, flood deposits and possible rebuilding episodes will be cross-examined. This interdisciplinary dataset will help better determine the role of natural hazards on the social lives of these communities. In short, this research will clarify long term socio-ecological relationships of agricultural communities in the Eastern United States facilitating the refinement of current theoretical models regarding the role of fluvial environments in community life history.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.