Acoustic, articulatory and perceptual analyses of the post-vocalic voicing contrast in German.

在基于生成传统的音系学模型中，语音被表示为一组类别和重写规则，这些类别通过通用语音成分将这些类别转换为语音输出。然而，来自语音音系学领域的一些研究的最新证据表明，语音知识不是范畴的，而需要纳入概率信息；细微的语音细节存储在词典中；即使对于同一方言，语音知识也可能因说话人而异；区分类别的线索可以广泛分布在韵律领域。在这项建议中，我们通过在文献中受到相当大关注的音位-语音关系来探讨这些问题，即德语的发音后发音对比。将进行五种类型的分析。首先，发音对比度的中和是否完全。其次，在中和语境中，对比的产生和感知是否存在差异。第三，基于元音紧张度和发声特征组合的概率信息是否影响发音对比的知觉判断。第四，说话人差异、方言和语言背景是否影响发声对比的感知。最后，我们使用基于语料库、发音和声学的技术来考察德语发声后发声对比在多大程度上可以由语音特征如[语态]或[时态]来模拟。从更广泛的意义上讲，这一建议旨在帮助我们理解言语产出、言语知觉和音系结构之间的关系。

In models of phonology based on the generative tradition, speech is represented as a set ofcategories and rewrite rules that transform these categories to speech output via a universalphonetic component. However, recent evidence from a number of studies in the area oflaboratory phonology suggests that phonological knowledge is not categorical but needs toincorporate probabilistic information; that fine phonetic detail is stored in the lexicon; thatphonological knowledge may well vary from speaker to speaker even of the same dialect; andthat the cues that distinguish between categories can be broadly distributed across prosodicdomains. In this proposal, we explore a number of these issues through a phonology-phoneticrelationship that has received considerable attention in the literature, namely the post-vocalicvoicing contrast in German. Five types of analyses will be undertaken. Firstly, whetherneutralization of the voicing contrast is complete. Secondly, whether there are differencesbetween the production and perception of contrasts in a neutralizing context. Thirdly, whetherprobabilistic information based on combinations of vowels tensity and voicing features inGerman influence perceptual judgements of voicing contrasts. Fourthly, whether speakerdifferences, dialect and linguistic background influence the perception of the voicing contrast.Finally, we use corpus-based, articulatory, and acoustic techniques to investigate the extent towhich the post-vocalic voicing contrast in German can be modelled by phonological featuressuch as [voice] or [tense]. In more general terms, the proposal seeks to make a contribution toour understanding of the relationship between speech production, speech perception, andphonological structure.