Atmospheric Lifecycle of Highly Oxygenated Multifunctional Compounds

该奖项全部或部分根据2021年美国救援计划法案（公法117-2）资助。 该项目的重点是调查大气中高含氧多功能化合物（HOM）的多相动力学和化学，并将提供目前对HOM的大气生命周期，其身份，丰度和反应化学的理解中缺失的关键部分。这项研究的结果将有助于预测HOM的反应化学如何改变大气成分，并将为精确模拟细颗粒及其与大气中云的相互作用提供关键信息。该项目的主要目标是：（1）确定生物源和人为源有机气溶胶中HOMs的分子特征和丰度;（2）研究HOMs的组成和分布如何对不同的氮氧化物（NOx）水平作出反应;（3）研究HOMs的浓度和浓度变化。以及（3）量化HOM在气体-颗粒转化时的寿命，并阐明HOM在颗粒相中经历的老化和去除途径。结果将被应用到解决以下科学问题：（一）是什么样的分子形式的HOMs是存在于颗粒相和链接与HOMs确定在气相中？(b)HOM在气体-粒子转换后能存活多久？(c)HOM在粒子相中的老化途径是什么？(d)HOM老化在多大程度上影响SOA的产量和组成？以及（e）颗粒状HOMs对减少人为氮氧化物排放的反应如何？该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为是值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2). This project is focused on investigations of the multiphase dynamics and chemistry of highly oxygenated multifunctional compounds (HOMs) in the atmosphere and will provide a key missing piece in the current understanding of the atmospheric lifecycle of HOMs, their identities, abundance, and reactive chemistry. The results of this research will aid in predictions of how the reactive chemistry of HOMs modifies the atmospheric composition and will provide crucial information needed for the accurate simulation of fine particles and their interactions with clouds in the atmosphere. It will also produce a dataset useful for understanding the toxicity of HOMs and their impact on human health.The main objectives of this project are to: (1) Characterize the molecular signature and abundance of HOMs in organic aerosols from both biogenic and anthropogenic sources; (2) Examine how the composition and distribution of HOMs respond to varying nitrogen oxides (NOx) levels; and (3) Quantify the lifetimes of HOMs upon gas-particle conversion and elucidate the aging and removal pathways that HOMs undergo in the particle phase. The results will be applied to address the following scientific questions: (a) What are the molecular forms by which HOMs are present in the particle phase and the linkage with the HOMs identified in the gas phase? (b) How long could HOMs survive upon gas-particle conversion? (c) What are the aging pathways HOMs undergo in the particle phase? (d) To what extent does the HOMs aging affect the yield and makeup of the SOA produced? and (e) How will the particulate HOMs respond to reducing anthropogenic NOx emissions?This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.