CAREER: Concurrent Security Against Quantum Adversaries

量子计算机的前景对密码学的最新发展产生了重大影响。量子计算机提供了新的能力，使令人兴奋的新密码系统成为可能。与此同时，它们还引发了一系列新的、威力更大的攻击。密码学目前的一个主要焦点是在量子攻击者存在的情况下构建和分析密码系统的基础技术的发展。该项目开发安全计算协议，以保持其安全性，防止量子攻击者。该项目的重点是在并发设置中实现安全性，其中可以发起来自多个对抗控制会话的协调攻击。作为这一主要目标的一部分，该项目研究了一些基础工具和技术，这些工具和技术是并发安全所必需的，但目前还不知道是否存在对抗量子攻击者的方法。一些核心例子包括不可延展的承诺协议和零知识协议，以防止中间人攻击，并发零知识，多项式硬度下的超多项式模拟，以及通用组合安全性。该项目有助于回答后量子安全计算中的许多悬而未决的问题，这可能会导致后量子安全构建块和普遍感兴趣的安全计算协议的发展。该项目积极参与培训和推广活动，有助于建立一支熟练和多样化的国家劳动力队伍。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The prospects of quantum computers have had a significant impact on recent developments in cryptography. Quantum computers provide new types of capabilities that enable exciting new cryptosystems. At the same time, they give rise to a range of new and significantly more powerful attacks. A major current focus in cryptography is on the development of foundational techniques for constructing and analyzing cryptosystems in the presence of quantum attackers. This project develops secure computation protocols that maintain their security against quantum attackers. The project focuses on achieving security in the concurrent setting where coordinated attacks from several adversarially controlled sessions can be launched. As part of this main goal, the project investigates a number of foundational tools and techniques that are necessary for concurrent security but currently unknown to exist against quantum attackers. Some core examples include non-malleable protocols for commitments and zero-knowledge to protect against man-in-the-middle attacks, concurrent zero-knowledge, super-polynomial simulation under polynomial hardness, and universally composable security. The project helps answer many of the open questions in post-quantum secure-computation, which could lead to the development of post-quantum secure building blocks and secure computation protocols of general interest. The project is actively engaged in training and outreach activities that contribute to building a skilled and diverse national workforce.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.