RII Track-4:NSF: Fundamentals of Creating Trustworthy Medical Cyber-Physical Systems Under EMI Attacks

医疗信息物理系统的应用，如无线胰岛素泵、婴儿保育箱和心脏起搏器继续增加。研究人员反复展示了攻击者如何在数字化之前通过有意的电磁（EMI）信号操纵医疗网络物理系统的传感器信号来欺骗系统的感知。本方案旨在通过加强硬件和软件协同设计，以系统和通用的方法解决这些威胁。该项目的成果将增强对故意电磁干扰攻击下医疗网络物理系统的安全性和可靠性的理解。尖端技术的培训和实践经验以及通过该项目建立的合作将使PI能够建立一个高效且声誉良好的网络物理系统安全实验室，并为UL Lafayette的跨学科研究做出贡献。这项EPSCoR资助将用于指导和培训一名女研究生，学习可用于纯研究和/或众多工业应用的尖端模型构建技术，从而为增加STEM领域的多样性做出必要的努力。最后，PI将把理论和实验纳入她的网络物理系统安全本科/研究生课程。这个研究基础设施改进轨道4 EPSCoR研究研究员（RII轨道4）项目将为路易斯安那大学拉斐特分校（ULL）的助理教授提供奖学金，并为研究生提供培训。拟议的研究将推进方法和设计原则，以确保医疗网络物理系统在对模拟医疗传感器（如葡萄糖传感器）进行故意电磁干扰（EMI）攻击时的实时可靠性。该项目将为依靠实时传感和控制的可靠医疗信息物理系统奠定坚实的基础。提出的方法将促进对不完善的医疗模拟传感器设计安全可靠系统的理解。在这个项目中，一项任务是创建新的硬件单元，通过设计和实现匹配的虚拟电路来识别EMI信号，将注入误差限制在可容忍的范围内。此外，提出的研究将提高对如何利用冗余传感器电路防御故意EMI注入攻击的理解。另一项任务是创建一个基于物理信息的神经网络框架，通过求解方程和预测传感器值来诊断由故意EMI攻击引起的损坏传感器数据。它将计算一个基线（即血糖或体温）来纠正损坏的传感器数据。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The application of medical cyber-physical systems such as wireless insulin pumps, infant incubators, and pacemakers continues to rise. Researchers repeatedly showed how adversaries could deceive the perception of systems by manipulating sensor signals of medical cyber-physical systems prior to digitization with intentional electromagnetic (EMI) signals. This proposal aims to address the threats with systematic and general approaches by enhancing the hardware and software co-design. The outcomes of this project will enhance the understanding of the security and reliability of medical cyber-physical systems under intentional EMI attacks. The training and hands-on experience on cutting-edge technologies and the collaborations established via this program will allow the PI to establish a highly productive and reputable cyber-physical system security laboratory and contribute to the inter-disciplinary research at UL Lafayette. This EPSCoR grant will be used to mentor and train a female graduate student in cutting-edge model-building techniques that can be used in pure research and/or numerous industrial applications, thus, contributing to the imperative effort of increasing diversity in STEM fields. Lastly, the PI will incorporate the theories and experiments into her undergraduate/graduate course on cyber-physical system security.This Research Infrastructure Improvement Track-4 EPSCoR Research Fellows (RII Track-4) project would provide a fellowship to an Assistant professor and training for a graduate student at the University of Louisiana at Lafayette (ULL). The proposed studies will advance the methodology and design principles to ensure the real-time reliability of medical cyber-physical systems in the presence of intentional Electromagnetic Inference (EMI) attacks on analog medical sensors such as glucose sensors. This project will lay a solid foundation for reliable medical cyber-physical systems that rely on real-time sensing and control. The proposed approaches will advance understanding of designing secure and reliable systems with imperfect medical analog sensors. In this project, one task is to create new hardware units to limit the injected errors within a tolerable range by designing and implementing matched dummy circuits to identify EMI signals. In addition, the proposed studies will improve the understanding of how to utilize redundant sensor circuits in defenses against intentional EMI injection attacks. Another task is to create a physics-informed neural network-based framework to diagnose corrupted sensor data induced by intentional EMI attacks by solving equations and predicting the sensor value. It will compute a baseline (i.e., blood glucose or body temperature) to correct the corrupted sensor data.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.