SaTC: CORE: Small: Mitigating Threats of Physical-Domain Signal Injections on Security, Reliability, and Safety of Sensing and Control Systems

光、运动和声音传感器用于许多应用中，例如智能家居、自动驾驶汽车和工业控制系统。与许多计算技术一样，传感器可能容易受到攻击。特别是，攻击者可能会试图向传感器注入虚假信息;这可能导致他们所依赖的网络物理系统具有错误的世界模型，从而影响这些系统的可靠性和安全性。该项目的目标是检测和减轻这些攻击，基于光，运动和声音的基本物理学可用于检测不一致的信号的基本见解。开发使用物理特性来检测可能的攻击以及传感器噪声和错误的方法，可以导致更安全，更强大的网络物理系统。该项目将通过将项目与课程和研究项目相结合，支持研究生、研究生、本科生和高中的教育活动，同时开发可供其他人用于研究和教育的研究工具、试验台和数据集。该项目旨在通过三个研究方向来确保基于传感器的系统与不可靠的模拟传感组件。第一个推力涉及确定如何通过在带外信号的数字化阶段嵌入调制模式来可靠地检测和减轻惯性传感器上的换能器级带外声学注入，并在多个传感器上开发鲁棒的惯性感测。第二个重点是探索对相机的光攻击的防御，以保护视觉系统，对利用相同模态的光注入的威胁进行建模（即，光）作为图像传感器，并利用对抗性光学物理来防御各种光注入。第三个目标是开发测试平台、工具、数据集、程序和指标，以测试、改进和验证传感系统在物理域信号注入攻击下的安全性和可靠性。该项目的成果将为保护基于运动学的传感和驱动系统以及自动驾驶汽车免受各种对抗性注入攻击提供直接帮助。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估而被认为值得支持。

Light, motion, and sound sensors are used in many applications, such as smart homes, self-driving cars, and industrial control systems. As with many computing technologies, sensors can be vulnerable to attacks. In particular, attackers may try to inject false information into sensors; this could lead to the cyber-physical systems they rely on having an incorrect model of the world, in turn affecting these systems’ reliability and safety. This project’s goal is to detect and mitigate those attacks, based on the fundamental insight that the underlying physics of light, motion, and sound can be used to detect inconsistent signals. Developing methods that use physical properties to detect possible attacks, as well as sensor noise and errors, can lead to safer and more robust cyber-physical systems. The planned work will support a number of post-graduate, graduate, undergraduate, and high school educational activities through integrating projects with coursework and research projects, while developing research tools, testbeds, and datasets that can be used by others for both research and education.This project aims to secure sensor-based systems with untrustworthy analog sensing components through three research thrusts. The first thrust involves determining how to reliably detect and mitigate transducer-stage o ut-of-band acoustic injections on inertial sensors, through embedding modulated patterns at the digitization stage of out-of-band signals and develops robust inertial sensing on multiple sensors. The second thrust explores defenses against light-based attacks on cameras to secure vision systems, modeling threats of light injections that exploit the same modality (i.e., light) as image sensors and utilizing adversarial optical physics to defend against various light injections. The third thrust will develop testbeds, tools, datasets, procedures, and metrics to test, improve, and validate sensing system security and reliability under physical-domain signal injection attacks. Together, the project outcomes will provide direct help to secure kinematics-based sensing and actuation systems, as well as autonomous vehicle, against various adversarial injection attacks.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.