Collaborative Research: SaTC: CORE: Medium: Securing Interactions between Driver and Vehicle Using Batteries

该项目的目标是开发一种名为BVI（基于电池的车辆防盗装置）的新型车辆防盗装置。该项目的新颖之处在于使用12/24V汽车电池作为物理通道来监测和控制驾驶员与车辆之间的互动。BVI是由无休止的车辆盗窃驱动的，主要原因是基于钥匙或钥匙扣的车辆防盗器无法防止盗窃，这些防盗器通常依赖于脆弱的外部无线通信和车载网络。该项目更广泛的意义和重要性是多方面的。BVI将通过确保车辆安全产生重大的社会经济影响，从而使交通生态系统中的各方受益：增加汽车制造商的收入，提高品牌忠诚度；为车主/司机提供更强的车辆保护，从而减少因车辆被盗而造成的经济损失和精神压力；推进个性化保险，增加社会福利。英属维尔京群岛的易部署性促进了技术转型，也为项目参与者（研究生和本科生，包括那些在计算机领域代表性不足的少数族裔）提供了多维度的培训机会和能力。BVI由三个关键的研究组件组成，它们与这些常见的网络攻击向量在物理上是隔离的，主要任务是设计(i)两个认证系统，以电池电压/电流作为身份载体来验证每个合法驾驶员，（ii）一个自适应和热稳健的电源控制模块，以减少/恢复电池的功率容量，以禁用/启用车辆访问。（iii）使BVI成为符合IEC 60839-10-1标准的端到端车辆防盗器的四项重要功能，包括车辆状态估计、车辆电池弱/故障检测、非法车辆通道检测和自动充电电源，减轻驾驶员的维护负担。BVI是作为车钥匙或钥匙扣的补充，也可以扩展为替代的第二因素认证解决方案，开启车辆安全无钥匙操作的新时代。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The goal of this project is to develop a novel vehicle theft protection called BVI (Battery-based Vehicle Immobilizer). The project’s novelties lie with the use of 12/24V automotive batteries as a physical channel to monitor and control the interactions between drivers and vehicles. BVI is driven by unending vehicle thefts due mainly to the inability of key- or keyfob-based vehicle immobilizers, which usually rely on vulnerable external wireless communications and in-vehicle networks, to prevent thefts. The project’s broader significance and importance are multi-fold. BVI is to make significant socio-economic impacts by securing vehicles, and thus benefitting all parties in the transportation ecosystem: increasing revenue and boosting brand loyalty for car makers; providing owners/drivers with stronger protection of their vehicles and thus reducing their financial loss and mental stress due to vehicle thefts; facilitating personalized insurance coverage to increase social welfare. BVI’s easy deployability facilitates tech-transitioning, and also offers the project participants (graduate and undergraduate students, including those from underrepresented minorities in computing) multi-dimensional training opportunities and competence. BVI consists of three key research components that are physically isolated from these common cyber-attack vectors, with the main tasks to design (i) two authentication systems to verify each legitimate driver using battery voltage/current as the identity carrier, (ii) an adaptive and thermally-robust power control module to reduce/restore the battery’s power capacity to dis/enable vehicle access, and (iii) four important functions to enable BVI as an end-to-end vehicle immobilizer that is compliant with the IEC 60839-10-1 standard, including estimation of vehicle status, detection of weak/faulty vehicle batteries, detection of illegitimate vehicle accesses, and automatic recharging power supplies to relieve drivers from maintenance burden. BVI is designed as a second-factor authentication solution that is complementary to car keys or keyfobs, and can also be extended to replace them, opening a new era of secure and keyless operation of vehicles.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.