Emotion, escalation, violence. Development of a video-based procedure for an early detection of emotion processes in crowd events.

无论是在足球比赛、摇滚音乐会还是示威活动中，当人们在公共场合聚集在一起时，往往会产生群体情绪(既有积极的，也有不和谐的)。有时，相互冲突的群体情绪可能会升级，在某些情况下可能会导致个人或群体的重大暴力行为。到目前为止，这些群体情绪是否以及何时会出现还不可能预测、在早期阶段识别或用社会科学术语解释。只有从一开始就观察大群体中的情绪和情绪的动态，经验丰富的观察者才能凭借他们在实践中获得的(主要是隐含的)知识，在早期识别升级过程，并理解、解释并在一定程度上控制它们。这个项目的核心理论问题是，情绪过程(即情绪升级过程)是否也可以由观察相机自动检测并用相应的成像技术描述，为了回答这个问题，拟议的研究项目开始进行以下基础研究：(1)使用解释学社会学捕捉、分析和概念化有经验的观察者(警察)通过参与观察和访谈(伴随联邦警察行动部队(BFHu)的实地工作)对群体情绪升级的隐性知识的知识。然后，将使用视频分析(2)和其他数据材料(视频档案和培训材料)区分、验证、系统地描述和概念化群体之间的情绪兴奋过程。在跨学科协作中(社会学情感研究、技术社会学、信息学)(3)将开发基于视频的群体情感识别算法，并通过机器学习将其映射到情感过程。结果应通过基于视频的可视化(例如，人群或相关感兴趣区域中的情绪的颜色表示)实时呈现，可用于对情绪的基本研究。

Whenever people come together in large numbers in public, be it at football matches, rock concerts or demonstrations, group emotions (positive as well as discordant) are often generated. Sometimes, conflicting group emotions can escalate and may in some cases result in major acts of violence by individuals or groups. Whether and when these group emotions will arise has not been possible to predict, recognize at an early stage, or explain in socioscientific terms to date.Only by observing the emotions and dynamics of the emotions in large groups from the very beginning are experienced observers able, on the strength of the (mostly implicit) knowledge they have gained in practice, to recognize escalation processes early on and understand, explain and to some extent control them.The theoretical question at the centre of this project is whether emotional processes (that is, emotional escalation processes) can also be detected automatically by an observing camera and depicted in a corresponding imaging technique, with the aim of enabling escalating emotions at crowd events to be recognized as early as possible.To answer this question, the proposed research project sets out to initially conduct the following basic research: (1) capture, analysis and conceptualization using hermeneutic sociology of knowledge of the implicit knowledge among experienced observers (police officers) of escalating group emotions by means of participant observation and interviews (field work accompanying the Federal police action force (BFHu)). The process of emotional excitement among groups will then be differentiated, validated, described systematically and conceptualized using video analysis (2) and further data material (video archive and training material). In interdisciplinary collaboration (socioscientific emotion research, sociology of technology, informatics) (3) video-based algorithms for recognition of group emotions will be developed and mapped onto emotional processes by means of machine learning. Results should be presented in real-time by a video-based visualization (e.g. colour representation of emotions in crowds of people or relevant regions of interest) that can be used for the basic research into emotions.