Neurocognition of action monitoring: Interaction of person- and task-related determinants

这些项目旨在明确行动监测事件相关脑电位（错误相关消极性，ERN；正确相关消极性，CRN）的情境（任务相关）和个人（特征和/或疾病相关）决定因素。先前的研究结果可靠地指出，在强迫症患者中，但在其他疾病和以焦虑忧虑为特征的个体中，ERN和CRN的振幅也会增强。在之前的项目研究中，通过刺激兼容性和冲突频率以及指示反应监测来解决ERN和CRN的调制问题。结果表明，ERN和CRN是可分离的，表明贡献活动来自多个神经元来源。利用时空主成分分析提供了额外的证据，证明存在两种地形和功能不同的子成分，有助于监测正确和错误的行为。强迫症（OCD）患者的ERN和CRN振幅增强被证明是由这两个亚成分驱动的。在同时进行的EEG/fMRI研究中，我们首次显示了强迫症患者中不同的发电机群在增强的ERN振幅下的作用。错误惩罚不能进一步增强强迫症患者的振幅。在拟议的项目延续中，我们计划在这些发现的基础上进一步阐明与任务相关和与性状相关的对ERN/CRN的影响。为此，我们将测试降低ERN/CRN的方法，特别是强迫症患者的增强幅度(a)通过任务诱导的控制注意资源的划分，以及(b)通过指导以速度为中心的任务执行。这些实验将在具有低、中度和高度强迫行为的个体样本中进行，后者包括有或没有DSM-5诊断的强迫症，以测试是否由特质和/或强迫症驱动的主要影响，以及这些个体差异对实验影响的调节。与强迫症相关的几个特征（神经质、特质焦虑、习惯性负面影响、担忧、对惩罚的敏感性和完美主义）将被测量，以在回归分析中测试这些特征的独特方差贡献，并找出最能解释行为监控过程的变量。从长远来看，解释疾病相关过程的可修改性以及个人和情境条件的作用将成为成功治疗精神障碍的相关因素。

The projects aims at specifying situational (task-related) and personal (trait and/or disease-related) determinants of event-related brain potential correlates of action monitoring (error related negativity, ERN; correct related negativity, CRN). Previous findings point to reliably enhanced amplitudes of the ERN and CRN in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder but also in other disorders and in individuals characterized by anxious apprehension. In the preceding Project studies addressing the modulation of ERN and CRN by stimulus compatibility and conflict frequency as well as by instructed response monitoring were advanced. Results show that ERN and CRN are dissociable suggesting contributing activity from more than one neuronal source. Using spatio-temporal principal components analyses additional evidence was provided for the existence of two topographically and functionally different subcomponents which contribute to monitoring of correct and erroneous actions. Enhanced ERN and CRN amplitudes in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) turned out to be driven by both subcomponents. In a simultaneous EEG/fMRI study we could show for the first time a different generator constellation underlying enhanced ERN amplitudes in OCD patients. Amplitudes of OCD patients could not be further enhanced by punishment of errors.In the proposed project continuation we plan to pursue on the basis of those findings by further elucidating task-related and trait-related effects on the ERN/CRN. To this aim, we will test means to lower the ERN/CRN, in particular the enhanced amplitudes in OCD patients (a) by task-induced dividing of controlled attentional resources, and (b) by instructing speed-focused task execution. These experiments will be conducted in samples of individuals with low, moderate, and high obsessive-compulsive behaviors, the latter both with and without DSM-5 diagnosis of OCD, in order to test whether trait- and/or OCD-driven main effects, and a moderation of experimental effects by those individual differences occur. Several traits associated with OCD (neuroticism, trait anxiety, habitual negative affect, worrying, sensitivity for punishment, and perfectionism) will be measured to test in a regression analysis the unique variance contributions of those traits, and to find out the variable which accounts best for action monitoring processes. Explaining modifiability of disease-related processes and the role of person and situation conditions will become relevant for successful treatment of mental disorders in the long run.