Brain-electrical and cardiovascular indicators of emotion regulation as predictors of treatment (non)-response to CBT in internalizing disorders

情绪调节在精神障碍模型和心理治疗中起着核心作用。本子项目将通过验证的心理生理指标评估内隐-自动情绪反应和外显控制情绪调节，并检验其对内化障碍患者认知行为治疗（CBT）（无）反应的预测价值。脑电图（EEG）变量包括晚期正电位（LPP）振幅和额叶α波段功率对不同情绪内容图像的不对称性。同时记录心电图测量（ECG：心率和心率变异性，HRV）。所有测量将在(a)静息条件下获得，(b)被动观看条件（情绪反应）下获得，以及(c)使用重新评估指导情绪调节。较高的LPP振幅，额叶脑活动相对向右半球转移，以及较低的HRV对负价图像的反应将被认为是情绪调节和适应能力降低的迹象，假设可以预测患者对CBT的反应更差。本子项目评估的变量补充了本研究单元其他子项目（基于问卷的：SP5和SP6，生态瞬间评估，EMA: SP6，基于功能磁共振成像的：SP3， SP7和SP8）从患者收集的情绪调节信息。情绪调节水平对CBT（非）反应的预测能力将通过测量指标直接检验，也可以通过衍生的潜在变量在构建水平上检验。这将通过使用线性模型（回归）以及机器学习算法（SP2）来实现。心理生理测量水平（EEG和ECG）提供了一个相对容易和无创的途径来了解情绪调节的生物心理机制，从而了解治疗变化的核心方面。因此，在本研究单位其他子项目的背景下，本子项目有望为基础研究转化为临床实践做出重大贡献。

Emotion regulation has a central role in models of mental disorders and of their cure by psychotherapy. Implicit-automatic emotional reactivity and explicit-controlled regulation of emotions by reappraisal will be assessed in this subproject of the Research Unit by validated psychophysiological indicators, and examined for their predictive value for (non)-response to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in patients with internalizing disorders. Electroencephalographic (EEG) variables include amplitudes of the late positive potential (LPP) and asymmetry of frontal alpha-band power to pictures with different emotional content. Synchronously, electrocardiographic measures (ECG: heart rate and heart rate variability, HRV) will be recorded. All measures will be obtained under (a) resting conditions, (b) passive viewing conditions (emotional reactivity), and (c) instructed emotion regulation using reappraisal. Higher LPP amplitudes, relative shifting of frontal brain activity to the right hemisphere, and lower HRV to negatively valenced pictures will be considered as signs of reduced emotion regulation and adaptive capacity, hypothesized to predict worse response of patients to CBT. The variables assessed in this subproject complement information regarding emotion regulation gathered from patients by other subprojects of this Research Unit (questionnaire-based: SP5 and SP6, ecological momentary assessments, EMA: SP6, fMRI-based: SP3, SP7 and SP8). The predictive power of the level of emotion regulation for (non)-response to CBT will be examined directly by measured indicators, and also at construct level by derived latent variables. This will be implemented by using linear models (regression), but also by machine-learning algorithms (SP2). The psychophysiological measurement level (EEG and ECG) provides a relatively easy and noninvasive access to biopsychological mechanisms of emotion regulation, and, consequently, to core aspects of therapeutic change. Therefore, this subproject promises, in the context of other subprojects of this Research Unit, a substantial contribution to translation of basic research into clinical practice.