Multi-compartment particles for smart molecular release towards understanding the role of molecular gradients from two- and three-dimensional cell/tissue culture models (BIOMOLGRAD2)

生物活性分子和对不同分析物有反应的荧光团将被聚电解质层包裹，聚电解质层也将用金纳米星修饰。内吞作用后，局部照明将通过光热加热打开胶囊，并瞬间穿透周围的溶酶体膜，导致被包裹的分子释放到细胞质中。这将在单个胶囊的水平上进行。用这种方法可以观察到依赖距离的细胞间信号。在一个细胞内，生物活性分子将被释放，而在另一个细胞中，分析物反应性分子将被释放，从而可以量化由于对另一个细胞的处理而在该细胞中发生的反应。这种方法将在三维细胞/组织培养中进行。分析物响应荧光团的一个例子将是智能耀斑和分子信标，这将允许检测mRNA。通过从金纳米颗粒到超顺磁性纳米颗粒的转换，从光产生到射频产生，这项技术的应用也将转移到更厚的组织，基于磁热而不是光热加热。

Biologically active molecules and fluorophores responding to distinct analytes will be encapsulated by polyelectrolyte layers, which will be also modified with gold nanostars. After endocytosis , local illumination will open the capsules via photothermal heating and transiently perforate the surrounding lysosomal membrane, leading to release of the encapsulated molecules to the cytosol. This will be performed at the level of individual capsules. With this method distance dependent intercellular signaling will be observed. Inside one cell biologically active molecules will be release, while in another the cell analyte responsive molecules will be released, with allow to quantify the reaction in this cell due to the treatment of the other cell. This methodology will be performed in three dimensional cell/tissue cultures. One example for analyte responsive fluorophores will be smartflares and molecular beacons, which will allow for the detection of mRNA. By switching from gold nanostars to superparamagnetic nanoparticles are from light to radiofrequency generation the application of this technology will be also transferred to thicker tissue, based on magnetothermal instead of photothermal heating.