The Reflections of Religious Traditions and Welfare State Regimes in the Worldviews of the Unemployed in Great Britain, Sweden and Ireland. Analyses of Biographical Experiences and Collective Orientations.

该项目从比较的角度审查了那些不能靠自己的经济手段维持生活，因此依赖福利的人的宗教和非宗教世界观。这一群体物质资源匮乏，参与社会的可能性有限。他们尤其面临社会排斥和污名化的风险，不得不面对生活中的不安全感和偶然性。同时，它们依赖于社会的团结。在传统社会，贫穷的救济是宗教机构的责任。随着社会功能分化的进行，这一职能被委托给福利国家，但以不同的方式和不同程度地受到忏悔传统和宗教社会教义的影响。在天主教会或加尔文主义清教徒社区发挥重要作用的国家，只形成了一个支离破碎的福利国家，因为贫穷的救济是由私人捐赠者和教会或宗教社区进行的。拥有路德教会的国家发展了一个慷慨而普遍的社会民主福利国家，在那里，贫穷的救济成为一个公共问题，并被分配给国家机构；社会提供的申请是基于公民身份的。相比之下，天主教的社会教义以辅助性原则为指导，即首先家庭有责任支持有需要的成员。在应用项目中，探讨了上述宗教根源是否以及以何种方式凝聚在不同国家社会规定接受者的世界观中。将重建对世界、生活和支助社会关系的解释：受影响的人如何使接受赔偿合法化，以及他们的哪些义务与他们的情况有关？从传记的角度分析福利接受者如何在不同的激活政策的不同背景下应对他们的情况。分析将世界观模型称为启发式概念，允许区分对世界、生活和偶发事件的经历的宗教和非宗教解释。将采用定性的方法，结合传记叙事访谈进行分析，以重建浓缩为世界观的生活经验的积累。另一方面，将进行小组讨论，以便辨别集体取向模式。该项目由三个案例研究组成，比较了以下国家：第一，瑞典是一个社会民主福利国家制度和路德国教传统的国家；第二，英国是一个自由福利国家，圣公会国家教会，宗教多元化和相当大的清教传统；第三，天主教爱尔兰，最近发展起来的福利国家。

The project examines in a comparative perspective religious and non-religious worldviews of persons who are not able to sustain their lives on their own financial means and are therefore dependent on welfare benefits. This group of people is equipped with few material resources and restricted possibilities of social participation. They are particularly confronted with the risk of social exclusion and stigmatization and have to face the insecurities and contingencies of life. At the same time they depend on the solidarity of society. In traditional societies poor relief was in the responsibility of religious institutions. As the functional differentiation of society proceeded, this function was delegated to the welfare state, but in different ways and to a different degree shaped by the confessional traditions and religious social doctrines. Countries, where either the Catholic Church or Calvinistic respectively Puritan communities played an important role, only formed a fragmented welfare state, because poor relief was carried out by private donors and church or religious communities. Countries with a Lutheran state church developed a generous and universal social democratic welfare state, where poor relief became a public issue and was assigned to state institutions; claims for social provision are there based on citizenship. Catholic social doctrines in contrast are guided by the principle of subsidiarity, i.e. in the first place the family is responsible for the support of members in need. In the applied project it is explored, whether and in which manner the mentioned religious roots condensed in worldviews of recipients of social provisions in different countries. Interpretations of the world, the life and the social relations of support will be reconstructed: How is the receiving of compensations legitimized by the affected persons and which obligations do they connect with their situation? In a biographical perspective it will be analyzed how welfare benefit recipients cope with their situation in different contexts with varying activation policies. The analyses refer to the worldview-model as a heuristic concept, that allows to differentiate religious and non-religious interpretations of the world, the life and experiences of contingency. A qualitative approach will be used for analysis with biographical narrative interviews in order to reconstruct the accumulation of life experiences that condense to worldviews. On the other hand, group discussions will be conducted that allow to discern collective patterns of orientation. The project consists of three case studies comparing the following countries: Firstly Sweden as a country with a social democratic welfare state regime and the tradition of a Lutheran state church, secondly Great Britain with a liberal welfare state, an Anglican state church, a religious plurality and a considerable Puritan tradition, and thirdly the catholic Ireland with a recently developed welfare state.