Quantification, Administrative Capacity and Democracy

数字越来越多地支配着公共服务。决策活动和行政控制都越来越多地围绕计算进行，如成本效益分析、社会和财务回报估计、业绩和风险衡量、基准、量化影响评估、评级和排名，所有这些都以数字表示的形式提供信息。通过量化，公共服务经历了从规则治理到数字治理的根本转变，这不仅对我们理解公共服务本身的性质具有根本意义，而且对关于公民身份和民主性质的更广泛辩论也具有根本意义。该项目审查了四个国家（法国、德国、荷兰、联合王国）三个政策部门（卫生/医院、高等教育/大学、刑事司法/监狱）的量化、行政能力和民主之间的关系。它提供了一个跨国和跨部门的研究如何管理的思想和量化工具已被采用，以及它们如何重要。更具体地说，它审查了（一）量化如何跨越部门和国家;（二）量化和行政能力之间的关系;以及（三）量化如何重新定义公共服务和自由民主对公共福利的理解，公民身份，公平，问责制和合法性的概念之间的关系。该项目将在开放研究领域（ORA）计划下实施，由法国、荷兰、英国的研究机构和德国的其他合作伙伴组成的网络实施。

Numbers increasingly govern public services. Both policymaking activities and administrative control are increasingly structured around calculations such as cost-benefit analyses, estimates of social and financial returns, measurements of performance and risk, benchmarking, quantified impact assessments, ratings and rankings, all of which provide information in the form of a numerical representation. Through quantification, public services have experienced a fundamental transformation from government by rules to governance by numbers, with fundamental implications not just for our understanding of the nature of public service itself, but also for wider debates about the nature of citizenship and democracy. This project scrutinizes the relationships between quantification, administrative capacity and democracy across three policy sectors (health/hospitals, higher education/universities, criminal justice/prisons) and four countries (France, Germany, Netherlands, UK). It offers a cross-national and cross-sectoral study of how managerialist ideas and instruments of quantification have been adopted and how they mattered. More specifically, it examines (i) how quantification has travelled across sectors and states; (ii) relations between quantification and administrative capacity; and (iii) how quantification has redefined relations between public service and liberal democratic understandings of public welfare, notions of citizenship, equity, accountability and legitimacy. The project shall be carried out under the Open Research Area (ORA) programme and is performed by a network of research institutions from France, Netherlands, UK and other partners from Germany.