C-in and C-outputs, rates and mechanisms of C-sequestration and C-stabilization of post-agrogenic soils exemplified by Luvisol chronosequences of Russia

直到最近，世界上许多国家的可耕地使用大幅度减少。俄罗斯是撂荒耕地最多的国家之一。在那里，大多数荒废都发生在落叶林带的松林。农业后土壤具有较高的固碳潜力，在向自然形态发展的过程中，其性质以及土壤有机碳稳定和固碳的前提条件发生了变化。但是有机碳稳定的机制、碳库的变化率以及与碳输入和碳输出的关系尚不清楚。因此，本研究项目旨在分析俄罗斯落叶林区土壤有机碳库的变化过程、土壤有机碳稳定机制以及土壤微生物群落及其活性。考虑到过程在不同的时间点开始和停止，它们不是线性运行的，具有不同放弃时期的时间顺序方法是一个很有前途的工具。研究内容包括有机碳储量、有机碳固存、有机碳积累速率、被动碳库有机碳富集、新碳进入主动和被动碳库的速率、宏观和微团聚体有机碳矿化以及微生物群落及其活性。研究的进一步重点是通过量化碳输入和碳输出，将这些土壤内部过程整合到更广泛的生态系统背景中。为了评估超过时间序列时间跨度的SOC库存的发展，还将进行建模。由于luvisol是欧亚和美洲温带气候地区分布最广泛的土壤，是潜在耕地的主要类群，因此本研究的结果可以推广到世界许多地区。

Until recently arable land use decreased considerably in many countries of the world. Russia is at the top of the list of countries with abandonments of arable lands. There most abandonment applies to Luvisols of the deciduous forest zone. It is known that post-agrogenic soils show a high carbon(C) sequestration potential and that their properties as well as preconditions for soil organic carbon (SOC) stabilization and SOC sequestration change during development towards the natural occurrence. But mechanisms of SOC stabilization, rates of changes in C pools, and the relation to C input and C output are not well-understood. Hence, this research program aims at analyzing the changing processes of SOC pools, mechanisms of SOC stabilization, and microbial communities and their activities of post-agrogenic Luvisols of the deciduous forest zone of Russia. Given that the processes begin and stop at different points in time, that they do not run linearly a chronosequential approach with distinct periods of abandonment is a promising tool. The investigations cover SOC stocks, SOC sequestration, SOC accumulation rates, SOC enrichment of passive C pool, entering rates of new C into active and passive C pools, SOC mineralization in macro and microaggregate, and microbial communities and their activities. The further focus of the study is the integration of these soil-intern processes into a broader ecosystem context by quantification of C inputs and C outputs. For evaluation the development of the SOC stocks exceeding the time spans of the chronosequences modeling will also be performed. Because Luvisols are the most widespread soils of temperate climate regions of Eurasian and America and represent the major group for potential arable lands, the findings of this study can be transferred to many areas worldwide.