Settlement and Landscape History of the Northern Franconian Jura during the Bronze and Iron Ages

这个分三个阶段的研究项目致力于在考古和地质考古发现的基础上，以法兰科尼亚儒拉河北部的魏斯曼河集水区为样本，重建青铜和铁器时代(约公元前2100-30年)德国中部高地的聚落模式和开发战略。虽然第一阶段的项目致力于证明青铜和铁器时代聚落的存在，并寻找高地经济用途的证据，但第二阶段专注于两个先前记录的地区，详细分析了聚落模式和当地土地利用在较长一段时间内的连续性和变化。通过结合大规模考古挖掘、有针对性的测试战壕和大量挖掘出的发现的年代测定方法，拟议的第二阶段旨在提供关于各个聚落阶段的聚落规模和结构的信息。从聚落环境中未受干扰的土壤剖面采集的样品应提供信息，以便从年代地层学上了解在过去土地利用过程中转移的沉积物以及伴随而来的土壤侵蚀。为了量化和更好地区分这些居民点内及其附近的活动，使用生物标记物的分子水平分析将补充宏观和木炭测试以及微形态土壤分析的成熟方法。预计对这些数据的详细收集和分析将导致对自给自足的农业以及景观和植被变化的新见解，最终目标是开发当地的土地利用模型。该项目的第三阶段，由我们的研究伙伴、来自吉昂大学自然地理系的M.Fuchs开发一个大规模的景观演变模型，该模型已经由第三方资助。

This three-stage research project is dedicated to the reconstruction of settlement patterns and exploitation strategies of the Central German Uplands in the Bronze and Iron Age (about 2100 - 30 BC) on the basis of archaeological and geoarchaeological findings, using the catchment area of the river Weismain in the northern Franconian Jura as sample case. While the first project stage was committed to demonstrate the existence of Bronze and Iron Age settlements, and finding evidence of the economic use of the uplands, the second stage focuses on two previously documented areas with a detailed analysis of continuities and changes in settlement patterns and local land use over an extended time period.By combining methodologies of broad-scale archaeological excavation, targeted test trenches and the dating of a large number of excavated findings, the proposed second stage intents to provide information on settlement size and structure regarding the individual settlement phases. Samples from undisturbed soil profiles in the settlement environment shall provide information to chronostratigraphically understand the sediments displaced in the course of past land use and concomitant soil erosion. In order to quantify and better differentiate the activities within these settlements, and in their immediate vicinity, molecular-level analyzes using biomarkers will complement the proven methodology of macro and charcoal tests, as well as micromorphological soil analysis. It is expected that the detailed collection and analysis of this data will lead to new insights on subsistence farming, as well as landscape and vegetation changes, with the ultimate goal to develop a local land use model.The third stage of the project, the development of a large scale landscape evolution model by our research partner M. Fuchs from the Physical Geography Department of the University of Gießen, is already financed by a third-party.