Karakorum - geomagnetic survey and topographic mapping of the first capital of the Mongol world empire

尽管进行了多年的研究，我们仍然缺乏对喀喇昆仑的完整的地形测量和地磁调查，喀喇昆仑是蒙古帝国的第一个首都，也是蒙古最著名的考古遗址。我们希望通过我们已经在蒙古成功测试的联合测量系统来消除这一赤字。该机动化系统使用基于SQUID的磁场传感器(磁力计和梯度计)和精密差分GPS单元。这种传感器组合不仅实现了鱿鱼数据的精确横向定位，还可以在测量过程中立即对地面进行三维扫描，从而使我们能够生成高度分辨率低于10厘米的拓扑图。对这些数据的分析将使我们能够第一次估计喀喇昆仑城墙内外的建成面积，评估城市内部的功能分区，识别烧砖建筑，即确定以更突出和更精细的方式建造的建筑，区分众多城墙的不同结构，并洞察广袤墓地中不同坟墓的建造。此外，在这些测量和调查的帮助下，加上有针对性的步行调查，我们将绘制这一联合国教科文组织世界遗产早就应该进行的破坏评估地图，并准确定位所有旧挖掘，其中一些已经没有文件留下。这些关于城墙城市及其周边环境的系统记录将有望使我们处于更好的地位，以便为未来的研究奠定坚实的基础，更准确地设计项目和研究目标。

Despite long years of research we still lack a complete topographical measurement and geomagnetic survey of Karakorum, the first capital of the Mongol Empire and best known archaeological site of Mongolia. We want to clear this deficit by the means of the combined measurement system already successfully taken to the test by us in Mongolia. This motorized system uses SQUID-based magnetic field sensors (magnetometer and gradiometer) and a precise differential GPS unit. This combination of sensors achieves not only exact lateral localization of the SQUID data but also immediate three-dimensional scanning of the ground surface during measurement, which allows us to generate topological maps with an altitudinal resolution of under 10 cm. The analysis of this data will enable us for the first time to estimate the extent of the built area inside and outside the city wall of Karakorum, to assess the inner functional division of the city, to identify buildings with burnt bricks, that is to say to locate buildings constructed in a more prominent and elaborate fashion, to differentiate varying structures of the numerous walls, and to gain insight into the construction of the different graves in the extensive cemetery. Additionally, with the help of these measurements and survey complemented by a targeted pedestrian survey we will map the long overdue assessment of damages of this UNESCO world heritage site as well as exactly localize all old excavations, of some of which there are no documents left. This systematic documentation of the walled city and its immediate surroundings will hopefully put us in a better position as to set future research on a solid basis, to design projects and research objectives more accurately.