HORUS - dynamic wastewater characterisation by spectrophotometry (UV-Vis)

近年来，越来越多的人建立了光谱在线测量方法来生成废水系统的多种水质信息。迄今为止，对污水组份在联合污水系统中的动态运移过程的描述都是基于明显的测量不确定度。其原因是常见的静态校准方法没有考虑到废水成分的变化。在该项目中，将开发一种适应天气相关径流条件的动态校准方法，以便在各种边界条件下对废水参数化学需氧量（COD）和总悬浮固体（TSS）以及它们的馏分和粒径分布进行稳健的量化。根据径流条件（即干湿天气以及混合条件）确定不同废水成分的单独校准函数，并开发校准函数之间的自动切换功能或开发动态积分校准函数，从而为这一工作提供基础。使用紫外可见分光光度法作为测量方法，可以同时连续地检测到几个状态变量，从而可以实现动态质量传递过程的详细描述和建模。在德累斯顿市，测量活动将在具有联合下水道系统的城市分集水区以及接收联合下水道溢流的河流进行。特定事件的化合物输运现象将用分光光度计在线连续记录。在活动期间，将集中收集样品并在实验室进行分析，以便对光谱信号进行校准和定量解释。对详细且分辨率高的光谱信息的分析基于回归模型，该模型是从单变量和多变量方法的比较评估中提取的。对于COD及其分馏，以及TSS和粒度类别，将针对各种操作条件开发校准功能，并通过测量活动进行验证和验证。在各种基于条件的校准函数之间切换的标准将被评估，并使用光谱在线信号自动化。采用数值模拟的方法，对改进后的测量方法的潜力进行评价。为此，将开发一种充分考虑流量和质量输运过程动力学的校准算法，以反映基于测量的信息的高时间分辨率。所创建的模型最终将用于研究首次冲洗引起的化合物负荷峰值和由此产生的急性接收水影响，并评估与传统模型产生的结果相比，结果的改进。

In recent years, the spectral online measurement approach was increasingly established to generate multiple water quality information on wastewater systems. The description of dynamic transport processes of wastewater constituents in combined sewer systems is up to now based on distinct measurement uncertainty. The reason for this is the common static calibration approach that does not take changing wastewater composition into consideration. Within the project, a dynamic calibration approach adapting to the weather-related runoff conditions will be developed, in order to enable a robust quantification of the wastewater parameters chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS) as well as their fractions and size class distribution, respectively, under various boundary conditions. The basis of this will be provided by identifying separate calibration functions for different wastewater compositions depending on runoff conditions, i.e. dry- and wet-weather as well as mixed conditions, and by developing an automatic switching function between the calibration functions or by developing a dynamic integrating calibration function. Using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry as a measurement method, several state variables can be detected simultaneously and continuously, which allows to implement a detailed description and modelling of dynamic mass transport processes. In the city of Dresden, measurement campaigns will be realized at sites in urban sub-catchments with combined sewer systems as well as in rivers receiving combined sewer overflows. Event-specific compounds transport phenomena will be recorded online and continuously with spectrophotometers. During the events, samples will be collected intensely and analyzed in the laboratory for calibration and quantitative interpretation of the spectral signals. The analysis of detailed and well-resolved spectral information is based on regression models, which are extracted from a comparative evaluation of uni- and multivariate approaches. For COD and its fractionation as well as for TSS and particle size classes, calibration functions will be developed for various operation conditions and validated and verified with the measurement campaigns. Criteria for switching between the various condition-based calibration functions will be evaluated and automated using the spectral online signals. By means of numerical simulation, the potential of the improved measurements shall be evaluated. For that, an adequate calibration algorithm considering the dynamics of flow and mass transport processes will be developed, which reflects the high temporal resolution of measurement-based information. The created model will finally be used to investigate first-flush induced compounds load peaks and resulting acute receiving water impacts as well as to evaluate the improvements of the outcomes as compared to those produced with conventional modelling.