Investigations on AC losses of power cables by simulation and measurement

随着高压电网在地球仪的扩展，大截面（大于1000 mm²）电力电缆的使用正在迅速增加。除了由导体的横截面、所使用的材料和长度限定的电缆的DC电阻之外，当在电源频率下操作电缆时，还可能出现大量的AC损耗。对于未来安装的电缆，微小的设计优化已经可以大大节省功耗，从而减少CO2排放。交流损耗受不同设计参数的影响。由于导体的复杂结构，可靠地预测新导体设计的性能仍然具有挑战性。该研究项目的目标是进一步开发能够分析这些电缆的工具。在两个工作组的密切合作下，模拟、分析考虑和测量将得到改进，并专门针对电力电缆。在第一步中，最近的计算方法进行比较研究，随后提高众所周知的有限元分析目标导向。同时，对现有的电缆导体进行了测量，使测量和仿真的结果相互验证，从而提高了对高压电缆导体中各种损耗机制之间相互作用的基本认识。此外，预计开发的工具是合适的，以获得节能设计优化和可靠地预测任何复杂导体的性能。

With the expansion of high-voltage grids all around the globe, the use of power cables with large cross sections (larger than 1000 mm²) is rapidly increasing. In addition to the DC resistance of a cable, which is defined by the cross sections, the used material and the length of the conductor, a significant amount of AC losses can arise, when operating the cable at power frequency. With regard to the cables installed in the future, minor design optimizations can already lead to immense savings in power dissipation and hence in CO2 emissions.The AC losses are influenced by different design parameters. Due to the complex structure of the conductor, it is still challenging to reliably predict the performance of new conductor designs. The goal of this research project is the further development of tools, which are able to analyze these cables. In close cooperation of both working groups, simulations, analytical considerations and measurements will be refined and specifically tailored to power cables. In a first step comparative studies of recent calculation methods are performed, to subsequently enhance the well-known finite element analysis goal-oriented. At the same time present power cable conductors are examined by measurement, so that the results of both, measurement and simulation, validate each other.The results include an improved fundamental understanding of the interaction between various loss mechanisms in high-voltage power cable conductors. Moreover, the developed tools are expected to be suitable to derive energy saving design optimizations and to reliably predict the performance of any complex conductor.