Atom-by-Atom Quantum Manipulation and Detection of Ultracold Fermions

该项目的主要目标是建立一种新的方法来操纵和探测单个费米子原子，同时解决它们的空间和自旋运动度。这里提出的工作将建立在我们最近的进展上，使我们能够在谐波陷阱中准备多达10个费米子原子的基态。这使我们能够研究多体系统的一些基本组成部分，例如一维费米海中的单个杂质，或者在单个双阱势中形成自旋单重态的两个费米子。在这个研究项目中，我们的目标是回答这样一个问题，即量子多体系统是否确实可以由这样的单个构建块组装起来。我们将需要建立方法来创建多个这样的构建块。这将通过使用空间光调制器设置和复杂的稳定方案创建任意潜在景观来实现。为了探测所制备的系统的状态，我们将实施一种创新的成像技术，同时检测所有单个原子的自旋和空间自由度。我们使用这些实验技术的第一个目标将是在孤立的双阱中从单个自旋单线态组装一个介观海森堡反铁磁体。这个项目的成功完成将使我们能够研究大量非常有趣的多体现象，如非常规超导。

The main goal of this project is to establish a novel method to manipulate and detect individual fermionic atoms resolving both their spatial and spin degrees of motion.The work proposed here will build on our recent progress that allows us to prepare the ground state of up to ten fermionic atoms in a harmonic trap. This allowed us to study some of the essential building blocks of many-body systems, such as an individual impurity in a one-dimensional Fermi sea, or two fermions forming a spin singlet in an individual double well potential. Within this research project we aim to answer the question if quantum many-body systems can indeed be assembled from such individual building blocks. We will need to establish methods to create multiple such building blocks. This will be achieved by creating arbitrary potential landscapes using a spatial light modulator setup together with a sophisticated stabilization scheme. To probe the state of the systems prepared, we will implement an innovative imaging technique to simultaneously detect spin and spatial degrees of freedom of all individual atoms.Our first goal with these experimental techniques will be to assemble a mesoscopic Heisenberg antiferromagnet from individual spin singlets prepared in isolated double wells. The successful completion of this project will enable us to study a wealth of highly interesting many-body phenomena such as unconventional superconductivity.