Old and new boundaries: National Identities and Religion (ONBound)

拟议的项目侧重于更好地了解民族和宗教认同在现代世界中是如何相互交织的。将从多层次的角度对现有的、但新汇编的比较调查数据和学术宏观数据集进行二次分析，以实现这一点。该项目着眼于真正的国际范围，将结合来自世界各地的多种来源的数据。在超国家一级的机构趋同日益增多，个人一级的财富和生活机会日益多样化的时代，民族和宗教认同似乎重新成为“我们”和“他们”之间的标志。潜在的后果是社会凝聚力和社会团结的模式发生变化。该项目促进了这一领域关于两个核心问题的现有研究：第一个问题涉及个人层面上宗教认同和国家认同之间的关系--这两个社会世界的重要认知框架重叠的程度有多大，或者相反，造成了多大的交叉压力？各国之间的重叠或独立模式的一致性如何，以及随着时间的推移有多稳定？第二个问题扩展了第一个问题，因为它询问国家一级的体制特征和历史事件对宗教和民族特性之间的特殊关系的影响。作为社会自我描述的宪法、国家的社会多样性和国内外冲突的历史是主要的背景指标。在该项目过程中，将组装一个整合了大量公共数据来源的独特数据库。该数据库结合了关于民族和宗教认同的现有个人调查数据(例如，ISSP、ESS、WVS、拉丁语、亚洲晴雨表)的摘录，以及国家一级的背景数据(例如，冲突晴雨表、国际宪法寻求者、处于危险中的少数群体)，涉及全球130个国家。其结果将是一个可供公众使用的多层次数据库，同时也是一项数据联系工作，其范围和覆盖面在该主题领域是前所未有的。从战略上讲，这将是一个示范案例研究，以满足日益增长的需求，灵活安排现有数据源，以匹配不断变化的研究问题。

The proposed project focuses on better understanding of how national and religious identities are intertwined in the modern world. This will be pursued through secondary analysis of existing - but newly compiled - data from comparative surveys and from academic macro-level data sets in a multi-level perspective. Aiming for a truly international scope, the project will combine data from a multitude of sources around the world. In times of increasing institutional convergence at the supra-national level, and growing diversities in e.g. wealth and life chances at the individual level, national and religious identities seem to re-gain salience as markers between "us" and "them". Potential consequences are changes in the patterns of social cohesion and societal solidarity. The project contributes to existing research in this area with regard to two core questions: The first concerns the relationship between religious and national identities at the individual level - how strongly do these two important cognitive frames for the social world overlap, or conversely, create cross-pressures? How consistent are the patterns of overlap or independence across countries, and how stable over time? The second question extends the first one, in that it asks about the effect of institutional characteristics and historical events at the country level on the particular relationship between religious and national identities. Constitutions as societal self-descriptions, the countries' social diversities and the history of internal and external conflicts are the main context indicators. In the course of the project, a unique database integrating a vast array of public data sources will be assembled. This data base combines extracts from existing individual survey data (e.g. from ISSP, ESS, WVS, Latinobarometer, Asian Barometer) on national and religious identities, and country level context data (e.g. Conflict Barometer, International Constitution Finder, Minorities at Risk) across approximately 30 years and 130 countries worldwide. The result will be a publicly available multi-level database and at the same time, a data linkage exercise, of a scope and coverage that is unprecedented for the subject area. Strategically, this will be an exemplary case study for an increasing demand to flexibly arrange existing data sources for matching ever-changing research questions.