Regional energy transition: The social processes of negotiating, norming and learning in the wind energy sector

能量转换通常在一般水平上进行分析。该项目建议将能源转型视为一个社会过程，以便深入了解导致能源转型的具体互动过程。此外，该项目将根据经验进行分析，从而增加迄今为止主要是概念性的辩论。该项目借鉴了转型文献，并补充了制度理论和区域创新系统方法的见解。由此产生的区域转型领域的概念解释了为什么以及如何从不同的社会领域的行为者和机构形状在风能部门的转型过程。因此，科学、工业、政治、行政和金融行为者以及中介机构和公民都被考虑在内。该项目描述了区域转型，通过在国家、欧洲和全球背景下研究区域一级的谈判、规范和学习过程。从经验上讲，该项目对德国六个地区进行了深入分析，并根据每个地区20-30位定性专家的访谈，分析了风能行业正在发生的转型动态。因此，该项目的贡献有三个方面：首先，它通过澄清谈判的基本过程，规范和学习的行为者，并增加经验证据，主要是概念性的研究领域。第二，它确定了不同的区域变化的路径，其特点是重组过程和地方全球导向的具体组合。这也将有助于解释为什么以及如何在一个共同的体制框架内，例如在国家框架内，各区域的发展各不相同。这些发现稍后可以从风能部门转移到其他部门。第三，在此基础上，该项目同时提高了影响过渡进程的程度：可以对政治工具进行微调，以更好地针对关键参与者和特定区域结构的具体情况。通过这种方式，该项目将有助于当前的转型研究在理论和实证。

Energy transitions are usually analyzed at a general level. This project suggests looking at energy transition as a social process in order to gain in-depth knowledge of the specific processes of interaction that lead to energy transitions. Moreover, the project will ground the analysis empirically and hence add to a debate that has so far been mostly conceptual. The project draws upon transition literature and complements it with insights from institutional theory and the regional innovation systems approach. The resulting concept of regional transition fields explains why and how actors and institutions from different social fields shape transition processes in the wind energy sector. Scientific, industrial, political, administrative and financial actors as well as intermediaries and citizens are thereby taken into account. The project describes regional transitions by looking at processes of negotiating, norming and learning at the regional level in the context of their national, European and global embeddedness. Empirically, the project conducts an in-depth analysis of six German regions and analyses the occurring transition dynamics in the wind energy sector based on 20-30 qualitative expert interviews per region.The contribution of the project is hence threefold: First, it contributes to transition research by clarifying the underlying processes of negotiation, norming and learning of actors and by adding empirical evidence to a largely conceptual research field. Second, it identifies different paths of regional change that are characterized by their specific combination of restructuration processes and local-global orientation. This will also help to explain why and how regions develop differently within a common institutional, e.g. national, framework. These findings can later be transferred from the wind energy sector to other branches. Third, on the basis of this, the project simultaneously enhances the degree to which transition processes can be influenced: Political instruments can be fine-tuned to better target the critically involved actors and the specificities of the particular regional setup. In this way, the project will contribute to the current transition research both theoretically and empirically.