Influence of alloying elements on process dynamics during laser deep penetration welding

材料中的合金元素对基材的材料性能有显著影响。在激光深熔焊接中，表面张力及其温度梯度、熔体的蒸气压和粘度主要影响熔池的行为，也直接影响熔池的小孔。钥匙孔动力学和缺陷的形成受到材料性能的影响，因此也受到合金元素的影响。对这些相关性的研究有限，这些相关性有助于更好地了解复杂的过程，并可能通过合金元素设计来影响过程行为和焊接缺陷。因此，本项目的目的是了解铝合金激光深熔焊接过程中，合金元素对材料性能的影响对飞溅形成的影响。挑战在于确定飞溅的特征（大小，速度和方向）取决于原点和它们的频率分布。深合金化工艺可使合金元素在铝板中均匀预分布。这些深合金区可作为后续焊头试验的基材。根据合金元素的不同，在焊接过程中观察飞溅特征及其起源点。

Alloying elements in materials can significantly influence the material properties of the base material. In laser deep penetration welding the surface tension and its temperature dependent gradient as well as the vapor pressure and the viscosity of the melt mainly influence the melt pool behavior and also directly the keyhole. Keyhole dynamics and formation of defects are affected by material properties and therefore by alloying elements. Limited research has been done to find out about these correlations which would help getting a better knowledge about the complex process and could offer a possibility to influence the process behavior and welding defects by alloying element design.Therefore, the aim of the project is to understand the influence of material properties affected by alloying elements on the spatter formation during laser deep penetration welding of aluminum. The challenge is to determine spatter characteristics (size, speed and direction) depending on the point of origin and their frequency distribution. The deep alloying process can be used to produce a homogeneous pre distribution of the alloyed elements in the aluminum sheet. These deep alloyed areas can be used as the base material for subsequent bead on plate welding experiments. Spatter characteristics and their points of origin are observed during welding depending on the alloying elements.