ResiServD - Service Resilience in Distributed, Multimodal, ICT-based Energy Systems

能源分配系统越来越多地基于不同基础设施（电、气、热、ICT）之间的互连，将其转变为智能多式联运能源分配系统（SMEDSs）。为了实现能源系统向高效可再生能源的转型，能源部门（电力、热力和交通）的耦合是主要的促进因素之一。在接下来的几年和几十年里，配电系统将面临分布式发电机、储存和负荷（例如，热泵、电动车辆、电力到燃气装置）数量的显著增长。根据数字化的趋势，对大量这些分布式能源单元的监测和控制将越来越依赖于信息通信技术（ICT）。这种发展从本质上促进了中小企业中电力、天然气、热力和ICT基础设施之间的相互依存。由于组件的质量有限，规划和运营弹性能源基础设施本身就存在挑战。智能基础设施及其相互连接的复杂性日益增加，在系统内部和系统间层面都带来了额外的挑战。电力系统不断被设计为更多地在可接受负载和电压极限的边缘运行，依靠ICT基础设施在更不稳定的潮流情况下进行监督和控制。对智能基础设施的信息通信技术攻击已成为现实。实际案例表明，能源基础设施的弹性正在成为未来的主要挑战。正在进行的研究主要集中在自然灾害或影响单一基础设施的网络攻击领域。一个开放的研究问题是，如何对多个相互关联的基础设施及其相互依赖的弹性进行建模，以及如何增强整体弹性。这一开放区域对关键基础设施至关重要，并将在本项目建议书中加以解决。多弹性的目标是评估和提高通过互连器耦合的smeds的相互弹性。一方面，将开发新的方法来建模和评估中小企业的弹性。另一方面，研究了互联基础设施运行的新型弹性增强概念，以防止和减轻系统内部和系统间的挑战。为此，该项目可以依赖于已经独立启动的每个基础设施的工作，并在此基础上进行扩展，以纳入相互连接的系统的相互影响。

Energy distribution systems are increasingly based on the interconnection between different infrastructures (electricity, gas, heat, ICT), transforming them into smart multimodal energy distribution systems (SMEDSs). To realize the energy system transformation towards a highly efficient and renewable energy based system, the coupling of energy sectors (electricity, heat, and mobility) is one of the major facilitators. The distribution system will be faced with significant growth in the number of distributed generators, storages and loads (e.g., heat pumps, electrical vehicles, power to gas units) over the following years and decades. Monitoring and control of a large number of these distributed energy units will increasingly rely on Information and Communications Technology (ICT) in accordance to the trend of digitalization. This development inherently fosters the interdependence between power, gas, heat, and ICT infrastructures in SMEDSs.Challenges to plan and operate a resilient energy infrastructure are inherently present due to naturally limited quality of components. The rising complexity in smart infrastructures as well as their mutual interconnections foster additional challenges to arise both on intra- and inter-system level. The power system is continuously designed to operate more at the edge of acceptable loading and voltage limits, relying on ICT infrastructure for supervision and control under significantly more volatile power flow situations. ICT-sided attacks on smart infrastructures are a reality. Real examples show that the resilience of the energy infrastructure is becoming a major challenge in the future. Ongoing research is mainly in the area of natural disasters or cyber-attacks impacting single infrastructures. An open research question is how resilience in multiple interconnected infrastructures and their mutual interdependencies can be modeled and how overall resilience can be enhanced. This open area is of outmost importance for critical infrastructures and will be addressed in this project proposal.The goal of Multi-Resilience is to evaluate and increase the mutual resilience of SMEDSs coupled through interconnectors. On the one hand, new methods will be developed to model and evaluate resilience of SMEDSs. On the other hand novel resilience-enhancing concepts for the operation of an interconnected infrastructure are investigated to protect against and mitigate intra- and inter-system challenges. For this, the project can rely on work that has already been started for each of the infrastructures independently and expand on this to incorporate the mutual influences of the interconnected systems.