Ambivalent Recognition Order? Doing reproduction and doing family beyond the heterosexual nuclear family

“生育”这个流行语将有关家庭形成的问题置于(社会)政治和科学关注的中心。最近，德国法律规定异性恋和同性恋关系更加平等，但社会、制度和法律上的不平等仍然存在。新的生殖技术为更多人实现为人父母提供了便利。然而，没有生活在异性伴侣关系中的非异性恋者往往被社会上关于伴侣和异性恋的规范所排斥。参考这些发展，从社会不平等的角度出发，我们建议关注所谓的彩虹或LGBTIQ家庭的异质性。超过异性恋标准的家庭仍然被社会学研究普遍忽视。对于家庭这个术语，我们指的是那些有一个或多个孩子的人，无论是单独的，还是夫妻，例如，双胞胎。该项目考察了三个核心领域：1.初步的文献综述为LGBTIQ家庭结构的规则提供了有价值的见解。我们会问，在非异性恋者和(潜在)家庭的制度化承认秩序中，可以找到哪些社会(不平等)，他们不生活在二元亲密关系中？五次专家访谈补充了二次分析。从第一步的结果出发，本研究项目的主要目的是对12个非异性单亲和多亲家庭(包括想要实现家庭的人)进行探索性、定性的研究。我们计划就以下问题进行联合采访：2.想要孩子的愿望是如何实现的？根据矛盾的(法律和社会)承认顺序，非异性恋(潜在的)单亲和多亲家庭的亲子关系如何显示？3.什么是亲情？家庭在日常生活中是如何建立的，这些家庭需要应对什么样的社会不平等、包容和/或排斥的经历？为了研究这些社会学和当前高度相关的问题，我们借鉴了社会不平等、认同、性别和酷儿理论。我们创新地将LGBTIQ家庭的生殖、家庭、日常生活的(文化研究)研究方法与社会学的社会不平等、性别、家庭和认同感研究相结合。一个中心的理论目标是发展一个以经验为基础的扩大的家庭概念，此外，在矛盾的承认秩序的背景下发展对为人父母的扩展理解。在理论方面，该项目可以为社会不平等社会学、认同论和家庭社会学提供信息，开辟社会学的新天地。

The buzzword reproduction places questions concerning family formation into the center of (socio)political and scientific attention. Recently, Germany has put hetero- and homosexual relationships more equal by law, but social, institutional and legal inequalities still exist. New reproduction technologies facilitate realizing parenthood for more people. However, non heterosexuals who do not live in a heterosexual couple relationship are often excluded through societal norms about couples and heteronormativity.Referring to these developments and coming from a social inequality perspective, we suggest focusing on the heterogeneity of so called rainbow or LGBTIQ families. Families beyond the heterosexual norm are still widely ignored by sociological research. With the term family we refer to people, who have one or more children, regardless if alone, as a couple or, for instance, as a double couple.The project examines three core areas:1. An initial literature review offers valuable insights into regulations of LGBTIQ family formations. We will ask, which social (in-)equalities can be found in institutionalized recognition orders for non-heterosexuals and (potential) families, who do not live in a dyadic intimate relationship? Five expert interviews supplement the secondary analysis. Starting from the results of step 1, the main aim of the research project is to conduct an explorative, qualitative study of 12 non-heterosexual one- and more-parent families (including people, who want to realize a family). We plan conducting joint interviews on questions such as:2. How is the desire to have children realized or not realized? How is the doing reproduction of non heterosexual (potential) one- and more parent families revealed in the light of the ambivalent (legal and social) recognition order?3. What indicates doing family? How is family established in daily life and which kind of experiences of social inequality, inclusion and/or exclusion have these families to cope with?In order to examine these sociological and currently highly relevant questions, we draw on theories of social inequality, recognition, gender and on queer theory. We combine (cultural studies) research approaches of doing reproduction, family, daily life of LGBTIQ families and sociological social inequality, gender, family and recognition research in an innovative manner. A central theoretical goal is to develop an empirically grounded enlarged concept of the family and moreover, to develop an extended understanding of parenthood against the background of an ambivalent recognition order. With regard to theory the project could inform the Sociology of Social Inequality, Theories of Recognition and Sociology of the Family, breaking new ground in sociology.