Task-set decay, response set, and action monitoring

认知控制被认为是在任务转换中建立特定于语境的任务(任务集)表征。目前的理论假设任务集在任务完成之后和随后的任务执行之前存在一个衰减过程。然而，这一衰变过程在功能上仍然没有得到充分的说明。本项目的目的是明确任务转换中衰变的功能目标。第一个假设是，衰减指的是反应集，它代表了根据当前任务目标反应的认知意义。第二个假设是，即使在反应执行之后，反应集偏向的过程仍在继续，因此衰退的开始与反应集偏向的完成有关，而不是与外显反应的完成有关。最后，假设任务转换中的反应集偏向与基于一般动作监控系统的强化学习有关。该项目旨在为这些关于特定功能认知机制的假说提供经验证据。在理论层面上，本研究还旨在将任务转换中的反应集理论与单任务情境中的行动(或错误)监控理论联系起来。

Cognitive control is assumed to establish context-specific representations of tasks ( task sets ) in task switching. Current theories assume a task-set decay process after task performance and prior to performing the subsequent task. However, this decay process has remained functionally underspecified. The aim of the present project is to specify the functional target of decay in task switching. The first hypothesis is that decay refers to the response set , which represents the cognitive meaning of the responses according to the current task goal. The second hypothesis is that the process of response-set biasing continues even after response execution, so that the onset of decay is related to the completion of response-set biasing rather than to the completion of the overt response. Finally, it is hypothesized that response- set biasing in task switching is related to reinforcement learning based on a generic action monitoring system. The project aims to provide empirical evidence for these hypotheses concerning functionally specified cognitive mechanisms. On the theoretical level, this project also aims to connect theories of response set in task switching to theories of action (or error ) monitoring in single-task situations.