Prohibition of Discrimination in Contract Law

《欧洲反歧视指令》已通过2006年8月14日的《德国平等法》（AGG - Allgemeines Gleichbehandlungsgesetz）纳入德国法律。根据AGG的说法，歧视不仅在劳动法中被禁止，在合同法中也被禁止。在本博士后论文的框架内，将从法哲学、法的经济分析和法律比较的角度来探讨合同法中的歧视禁止。为此目的，首先将审查诸如私人自治、契约自由和歧视等基本原则。因此，某些重要的法律政策问题，如合同法中禁止歧视是否构成对合同自由的大规模侵犯，将被详细讨论。契约在欧洲私法社会中所起的关键作用将作为本文分析的出发点。美国反歧视法和契约理论将为法律比较提供依据。随后，将深入分析德国合同法（AGG§§19-20）中禁止歧视的规定。在违反§19 AGG中规定的禁令的情况下适用的制裁也将在此背景下处理。该法规定的制裁是对物质和非物质损害的赔偿（第21段）。以及消除歧视或禁令救济的要求（第21段）。1 gg)。在基于§21 AGG的德国文献中有一个特别激烈的争论：如果歧视发生在合同前阶段，消除歧视或禁令救济的要求是否导致合同义务？这一引导性问题将作为博士后论文的主要方面，从法哲学和法经济学的角度进行比较研究。

The European Anti-Discrimination Directives have been implemented into German law by the German Equality Act of 14 August 2006 (AGG - Allgemeines Gleichbehandlungsgesetz). According to AGG, discrimination is prohibited not only in labor law but also in contract law. Within the framework of this post-doc thesis, the prohibition of discrimination in contract law will be approached from the perspectives of legal philosophy, economic analysis of law and legal comparison. For this purpose, first, the underlying principles, such as the private autonomy, freedom of contract and discrimination will be examined. Thereby, certain important legal policy issues, such as whether the prohibition of discrimination in contract law constitutes a massive intrusion into freedom of contract will be addressed in detail. The key role that the contract plays in the European private law society will serve as the starting point in this analysis. The US anti-discrimination law and contract theory will provide the basis for legal comparison.Subsequently, an in-depth analysis of the prohibition of discrimination in German contract law (§§ 19-20 AGG) will be provided. The sanctions applicable in case of a violation of the prohibition set in § 19 AGG will also be handled in this context. The sanctions which were provided by the Act are compensation of material and immaterial damages (§ 21 para. 1 AGG) and claim for elimination of discrimination or for an injunctive relief (§ 21 para. 1 AGG). There is especially a heated debate in German literature based on § 21 AGG: Does the claim for elimination of discrimination or for an injunctive relief result in the obligation to contract, if the discrimination takes place during the pre-contractual phase? This leading question will serve as the main aspect in the post-doc thesis and will be comparatively studied from the legal-philosophical and legal economics points of view.