spBIGDATA_Mathematical and Physical modeling of Single Particle Tracking - Big Data approach

在短短五年内获得的三项诺贝尔奖(2009年生理学或医学奖、2012年和2014年化学奖)与活细胞中的生物机制以及在显微镜下观察这些机制的基于荧光的技术有关。这导致了世界范围内活细胞研究的实验和理论成果的急剧增加。最终，定量数据的可获得性促使许多物理学家和应用数学家研究单个生物细胞及其运行的生理过程。物理学家和数学家的参与使人们对生物系统的理解达到了一个新的水平。目前的项目旨在为生命基本过程的这种日益量化的方法做出贡献，并提供一个重要的新框架来量化和理解普遍观察到的细胞中的异常动态过程。异常扩散和分数动力学的概念已经深入到统计和化学物理学领域，但该学科也已成为数学中的一个主要领域。与此同时，欧洲分子生物学实验室(EMBL)今年9月在海德堡举办了首届生物学与健康大数据会议。这次及时的跨学科会议旨在使欧洲研究界能够参与并帮助推动大数据研究的未来发展，并提高对这一生命科学领域这一新的相关研究方向的进一步认识。鉴于从单粒子跟踪进行大数据分析的上述挑战，以及波兰EMBL预计将于2017年加入，我们提出了以下研究任务：T1。(瞬变)反常扩散数学理论的进展T2。开发专为单粒子跟踪(SPT)数据T3量身定做的严格统计推断方法。基于大数据的活细胞异常动力学的识别、验证和预测我们相信，完成这些跨学科的任务将带来许多有趣的发现，不仅在数学上，而且在物理和生物学方面。它将使我们能够找到合适的模型，并了解大数据时代活细胞中的异常过程。

Three Nobel Prizes awarded within a short five year period (2009 in Physiology or Medicine, 2012 and 2014 in Chemistry) were related to the biological mechanisms in living cells and the fluorescence-based techniques of observing these mechanisms under the microscope. This caused a dramatic increase of experimental and theoretical achievements in the study of living cells worldwide. Ultimately the accessibility of quantitative data prompted many physicists and applied mathematicians to study of single biological cells and the physiological processes running off therein. This involvement of physicists and mathematicians has led to a new level of understanding of biological systems. The current project intends to contribute to this increasingly quantitative approach of the fundamental processes of life and to provide a significant new framework to quantify and understand the ubiquitously observed anomalous dynamic processes in cells.The concept of anomalous diffusion and fractional dynamics has deeply penetrated the statistical and chemical physics communities, yet the subject has also become a major field in mathematics. Concurrently, the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) organized a first Conference on Big Data in Biology & Health in Heidelberg this September. This timely and interdisciplinary meeting aimed to enable the European research community to participate in and help to drive the future development of big data research, as well as raise further awareness for this new and relevant research direction in the life sciences.In view of the above challenges of the analysis of big data from single particle tracking, but also with regard to the expected membership in EMBL of Poland from 2017, we propose the following research tasks: T1. Advancement of the mathematical theory of (transient) anomalous diffusionT2. Development of rigorous statistical inference methods tailored for single particle tracking (SPT) dataT3. Identification, validation and prediction of anomalous dynamics in living cells based on big data We believe that accomplishing these interdisciplinary tasks will result in many interesting discoveries not only in mathematics, but also in physics and biology. It will allow us to find proper models and to understand anomalous processes in living cells in the era of big data.