Cognitive Bias Modification in tobacco dependence using an Approach-Avoidance Task (CBM-AAT): A randomized controlled double blind intervention study

尼古丁依赖是德国最普遍的精神障碍之一。尽管对健康有长期的负面影响，尽管大多数尼古丁依赖者都表示希望戒烟，但即使在接受治疗后，长期戒烟也是例外，而不是常态。循证治疗的目的是药物替代或在信息处理和行为的战略类型的修改。越来越多的人认为，自动过程（例如，对吸烟相关刺激的内隐行为接近倾向）在维持尼古丁依赖中起主导作用。然而，在目前的治疗方法中，这些几乎没有考虑到，更不用说直接针对。拟议的研究有两个目的：（1）该研究将首次评估针对尼古丁依赖中功能失调的自动行为倾向（CBM-AAT）的认知偏差修正的疗效。 在一项随机对照双盲试验中，将测试CBM-AAT作为既定治疗方案（Rauchfrei®）的特定附加干预措施的疗效。(2)如果CBM-AAT显示出递增的疗效，则将研究该添加剂作用的潜在机制。

Nicotine dependence is one of the most prevalent mental disorders in Germany. Despite negative long-term consequences on health and although most individuals with nicotine dependence report a desire to quit smoking, long-term abstinence is the exception rather than the norm, even after receiving treatment. Evidence-based treatments either aim at a pharmacological substitution or at the modification of strategic types of information processing and behaviour. Automatic processes (e.g. implicit behavioural approach tendencies for smoking-related stimuli) are increasingly thought to play a dominant role in the maintenance of nicotine dependence. However, in current treatment approaches, these are hardly taken into account, let alone directly targeted. The proposed study has two aims: (1) The study will provide a first evaluation on the efficacy of cognitive bias modification, targeting dysfunctional automatic behavioural tendencies in nicotine dependence (CBM-AAT). In a randomized controlled double-blind trial, the efficacy of CBM-AAT as a specific add-on intervention to a well-established therapy program (Rauchfrei®) will be tested. (2) If CBM-AAT shows incremental efficacy, possible mechanisms underlying the effects of this add-on will be investigated.