Made in China? Concepts and Strategies of Urban Brownfield Development for Abandoned Industrial Sites in Chinese Coastal Mega-Cities

该项目调查了上海、广州和深圳的废弃市中心工业用地的布朗菲尔德再开发的概念和策略及其实施情况。其出发点是为前制造业基地制定积极和有区别的升级政策的新政策。由于中国经济持续转型，布朗菲尔德再开发的过程仍在继续或刚刚开始。该项目希望解释尚未系统研究的各种复杂的再开发策略，以及它们的驱动因素和具体特征。除了地方增长战略外，城市发展和城市规划的合理性以及真实的房地产开发的变化余地也将纳入解释方法，同时考虑到土地使用权和基于改革后租赁制度的土地交易。迄今观察到的动态城市发展似乎遵循一种简单的盈利模式，其特点是人口密集、建筑物高度增加和城市向城市周边地区扩张。该项目希望系统地解释这一领域的具体发展道路，并展示具体的政治和经济参数、治理安排和规划思想的相关性。研究会尝试证明有一种特别的“中国方式”，与已知的国际发展策略大不相同，并提出各种不同的特定地点重建概念。由于国家采取了保护宝贵的农业用地的政策，最近在发展中地区的内城加紧使用土地的压力有所增加。因此，我们必须解释为何及何时在重建后，前制造业用地仍维持较低的建筑物密度。在城市规划方面，该项目着眼于参与者如何平衡以下相互冲突的主张：创造额外的建筑空间，保留具有历史意义的工业遗产，改善升级开放空间的一般可达性，以及创造与城市营销目的具有一定相关性的城市设计“亮点”。结合城市设计，该项目分析了建筑存量的意义，以及后者如何被重新利用、补充、叠加、忽视和更新。它将确定城市设计模型和愿景，这些模型和愿景是由开发商、土地所有者、使用者和规划机构之间的复杂互动所塑造的。

The project investigates concepts and strategies of brownfield redevelopment for abandoned inner-city industrial sites and their implementation in Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen. Its starting point is the evolution of new policies of pro-active and differentiated upgrading policies for former manufacturing sites. As a result of the on-going transformation of the Chinese economy, the process of brownfield redevelopment is continuing or only starting to take off. The project wants to explain the complex variety of redevelopment strategies, which have not yet been investigated systematically, and their drivers and specific features. Besides local growth strategies, the rationality of urban development and urban planning and the changing leeway of real estate development is to be incorporated into the explanatory approach, taking into account land use rights and land transactions based on a reformed leasehold system. The dynamic urban development observed so far seems to follow a simple model of profit-making characterized by the forces of densification, increasing building heights and urban expansion into peri-urban areas. The project wants to explain the specific development paths in this field systematically and to demonstrate the relevance of specific political and economic parameters, governance arrangements and planning ideas. It will try to demonstrate that there is a particular “Chinese way”, deviating significantly from known international development strategies, and producing a great variety of site-specific redevelopment concepts. The pressure to intensify land uses in the inner cities of growing regions has recently increased as a result of national policies to save valuable agricultural areas. Thus, it has to be explained why and when relatively low buildings densities are kept on former manufacturing sites despite redevelopment. In terms of urban planning, the project looks at how actors balance the conflicting claims of creating additional floor space, keeping historically significant industrial heritage, improving the general accessibility of upgraded open spaces, and creating urban design "Highlights" with a certain relevance for city marketing purposes. With reference to urban design, the project analyzes the meanings attributed to the building stock and how the latter is re-used, complemented, superimposed, neglected and renewed. It will identify the urban design models and visions that are shaped by the complex interactions of developers, landowners, users and planning bodies.