Coordination Funds

大气、生物圈和水圈之间的水分交换是复杂的相互作用和反馈机制的结果，其中土壤水分是关键的状态变量。需要新的方法来处理与水通量相关的尺度依赖性。相应的最先进的土壤水分观测方法从连续的点尺度测量，通过实地尺度的时间快照，到流域尺度和更大范围的遥感产品，应有尽有。宇宙射线中子传感(CRNS)通过从地面上方环境中子密度的变化来推断土壤湿度，从而实现了数百米的积分，从而在这方面取得了相当大的进步。在这份提案中，我们报告了宇宙感研究单位(RU)第一阶段的活动和成就，并概述了第二阶段的目标和工作计划。总体目标仍然是开发一种定量的、可适应的和可转移的方法，用于在田间尺度上观测根区土壤水分，同时考虑到其他动态水池，如生物量。第二阶段的新内容是增加了雪水池，并通过传感器组、移动探测器、遥感和建模绘制土壤湿度图，重点放在区域范围内。宇宙意识继续成为通过CRNS测量土壤水分领域的推动力，并将加强一个积极参与和创新的社区。我们的团队将通过在补充研究单元和联合活动中捆绑杰出合作伙伴的专门知识，促进对实地规模和区域土壤-植被-大气连续体中的水储存和通量的了解。共同努力实现共同的研究目标需要团队中的密集互动以及总体协调和支持。协调项目“Z”是目标、资源和外联活动的中心纽带，这些活动与整个区域联盟有关。所需的关键人力资源是一个协调会议、讲习班和一般地区事务的职位，以及一名支持外地和跨领域联合活动的外地技术员。此外，Z努力支持青年研究人员--特别是有孩子的研究人员--的工作和事业，并加强两性平等。Z还将在闭幕研讨会上宣传RU的成果，邀请外部主旨演讲者并通过折扣和奖学金支持出席。现任和指定的墨卡托研究员Marek Zreda教授将与所有研究模块互动，他将积极参与交叉活动，向世界科学界推广宇宙感的成果。因此，Z中计划的所有任务都将支持研究组的相关研究单元并与之互动，从而有助于促进研究组内部的合作及其成果在其以外的传播。

The exchange of water between atmosphere, biosphere, and hydrosphere is a result of complex interactions and feedback mechanisms, where soil moisture acts as the key state variable. Novel approaches are required to handle the related scale dependency of water fluxes. Corresponding state-of-the-art methods for observing soil moisture range from continuous point-scale measurements, via field-scale temporal snapshots to remote sensing products on the basin scale and beyond. Cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) constitutes a considerable advancement in this context by inferring soil moisture from changes in ambient neutron density above the ground, allowing for the integration across hundreds of meters. In this proposal we report on the activities and achievements of the Cosmic Sense research unit (RU) in its first phase, and give an outline of the objectives and the work program for the second phase. The overarching goal remains the development of a quantitative, adaptable, and transferable approach for observing root-zone soil moisture on the field scale while accounting for other dynamic water pools, such as biomass. New to phase II is the addition of snow water pools and the focus on the regional scale by soil moisture mapping with sensor clusters, mobile detectors, remote sensing, and modeling. Cosmic Sense continues to constitute a driving force in the field of soil moisture measurements via CRNS and will strengthen an engaged and innovative community. Our team will advance the understanding of field-scale and regional water storage and fluxes in the soil-vegetation-atmosphere continuum by bundling the expertise of distinguished partners in complementary research modules and joint activities. Working together towards joint research objectives requires intensive interaction in the team as well as overarching coordination and support. The coordination project “Z” acts as a central nexus for the objectives, resources, and outreach activities that are related to the RU as a whole. The key personal resources required are a position for the coordination of meetings, workshops, and general RU matters, and a field technician to support the joint field- and cross-cutting activities. Furthermore, Z strives to support young researchers – particularly those with children – in their work and career, and to enhance gender equality. Z will also promote the outcomes of the RU in a closing workshop, inviting external keynote speakers and supporting attendance via discounts and scholarships. The current and designated Mercator Fellow, Prof. Marek Zreda, will interact with all research modules, he will actively participate in the cross-cutting activities and promote the achievements of Cosmic Sense to the scientific community worldwide. Accordingly, all of the tasks planned in Z will support and interact with the involved research modules of the RU, thus helping to promote the collaboration within the RU and of the dissemination of its outcomes beyond it.