Turn-taking and ensuring understanding in German-Arabic telephone interpreting.

电话口译在多语种接触中已成为一种普遍的交流做法，特别是由于难民危机和讲阿拉伯语的寻求庇护者的大量涌入。合格口译员(所需语文)的供应有限，往往妨碍获得口译员和主要对话者同时在场的面对面口译服务。尽管越来越需要一种快速的解决办法，但对远程调解环境中对话口译的语言交际要求几乎没有进行过探讨。在话轮转换规则方面尤其如此，在面对面口译中还涉及面部表情和手势，以及确保(相互)理解的机制，例如询问、重复和解释。该项目提出的中心问题是：在这种特殊情况下，由口译员调解的咨询会议的参与者如何弥补缺少来访者、咨询员和口译员的存在，以及在确定话轮转换时最好采用哪些策略？本研究调查了参与者(包括口译员)如何运用特定的策略来促进话轮转换和确保参与者之间的相互理解。关于交替对话口译的研究表明，口译员在组织对话的形式和内容方面起着至关重要的作用，其中包括对话的顺序(轮流)、澄清策略和通过使用不同的语言线索进行干预。这些协调行动依赖于语言和非语言资源的使用，而电话交谈中的参与者只能有限地使用这些资源，如感叹语、听者的话语或手势和模仿暗示。因此，在这个项目中，我们将探索轮换的选定方面和旨在特定环境下相互理解的过程，即就难民的居留身份、家庭团聚等问题向难民提供咨询。数据来自口译员与德国辅导员、讲阿拉伯语的客户和电话口译员会面期间的音频和视频记录。除了核心的研究问题，即确定口译员为弥补缺少对话者而使用的语言交际策略外，这项研究还受到关于阿拉伯语口语转录的方法论考虑的指导。迄今为止，尽管涉及到技术上的特殊问题，特别是从右到左的书写方向，以及在写作中消除方言差异的趋势，但德语-阿拉伯口述数据如何才能表现为书面的和可分析的文本，仍然不清楚。

Telephone-based interpreting has become a widespread communicative practice in multilingual encounters, especially as a consequence of the refugee crisis and the large influx of Arabic-speaking asylum seekers. The limited availability of qualified interpreters (for the required languages) often prevent access to face-to-face interpreting services involving the co-presence of interpreter and primary interlocutors. Despite the growing need for a quick solution, the linguistic-communicative requirements for dialogue interpreting in remote mediated settings have hardly been explored. This is especially true in respect of turn-taking regularities, which in face-to-face interpreting also involves facial expressions and gesturing, as well as mechanisms to ensure (mutual) understanding, for instance queries, repetitions and explanations.The central question posed by this project is: How do the participants in interpreter-mediated counselling sessions conducted via the telephone compensate the lack of the co-presence of clients, counsellors and interpreters and which strategies are preferably employed to ensure understanding and when determining turn-taking in such exceptional circumstances? This research investigates how participants (including the interpreter) apply certain strategies to facilitate turn-taking and ensure mutual understanding among participants. Studies on consecutive dialogue interpreting reveal that interpreters play a crucial role in organising dialogues in respect of form and content including, among other things, the sequential order of dialogues (taking turns), clarification strategies and intervening through the use of different verbal cues. These coordinating actions depend on the use of verbal and nonverbal resources to which the participants in telephone conversations only have restricted access, such as interjections, utterances of listeners or gestural and mimic cues. Hence, in this project we will explore selected aspects of turn taking and processes aimed at mutual understanding within a defined setting, namely counselling refugees on their residency status, family reunification, etc. The data stems from audio and video recordings during interpreter-mediated encounters with German counsellors, Arabic speaking clients and telephone interpreters. In addition to the central research question, i.e. identifying the linguistic-communicative strategies used by interpreters to compensate the lack of the co-presence of interlocutors, this study is also guided by methodological considerations regarding the transcription of spoken Arabic. To date, it has remained unclear how German-Arabic oral data can be represented as a written and analysable text despite the technical peculiarities involved, especially the right-to-left script direction, as well as the tendency to eliminate dialectal variation in writings.