IMPULSE: Taking the Pulse of the Icelandic Mantle Plume
冲动:把握冰岛地幔柱的脉搏
基本信息
- 批准号:NE/V012878/1
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 88.62万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Research Grant
- 财政年份:2024
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2024 至 无数据
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
The mantle is the largest component of the Earth, comprising 84% of our planet's volume. Although the mantle is solid, over geological time it churns vigorously like a fluid in a process known as mantle convection, driven by heating from radioactive decay in Earth's interior and cooling from above. Mantle convection deforms the Earth's entire surface into an interlocking pattern of swells and depressions known as "dynamic topography", with diameters of several thousand km and heights of several km. Dynamic topography influences oceanic current patterns, land surface erosion and accumulation of the eroded sediment, and these effects are known to control the distribution of valuable natural mineral resources. Volcanic activity also usually occurs in association with the hot, rising elements of the convective circulation, known as mantle plumes. The most vigorous mantle plumes give rise to Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs) - episodic huge outpourings of lava accompanied by voluminous release of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. LIPs coincide in time with some of the most remarkable perturbations to global climate, ecosystems and the carbon cycle in Earth's history, including mass extinctions, Ocean Anoxic Events, and the largest natural global warming event of Cenozoic time.Whilst it is widely accepted that mantle convection has influenced Earth's surface and climate processes over geological time periods (tens of millions of years or more), these time frames are too slow to explain the rapid onset and short duration of the environmental changes that usually coincide with LIPs. But growing evidence now suggests that patterns of mantle convection, dynamic topography and igneous outpouring can evolve in less than a million years. Key to this theory is a process known as "Thermal Plume Pulsing", in which hotter and cooler blobs of mantle are carried along with the convective circulation within a mantle plume. The hottest pulses within the biggest mantle plumes, such as the Icelandic Mantle Plume, can rise at speeds in excess of 200 mm/yr, which is faster than the motion of tectonic plates, and can cause changes in local sea-level of over 1 mm/yr, similar to modern mean global sea-level change. At such speeds, past pulsing of the Icelandic Mantle Plume could have activated greenhouse gas generation from the North Atlantic LIP rapidly enough to explain the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum extreme global climate change event, the best natural analogue to anthropogenic climate change.However, the Plume Pulsing hypothesis is not universally accepted for Iceland or Earth's other major mantle plumes as key data is lacking. High-quality measurements of seafloor features near Iceland known as the "V-Shaped Ridges" (VSRs) that comprise the world's best record of the suggested hot pulses will address this gap. Working with the lead advocates of the alternative models for VSRs, we have devised an experiment to determine the origin of the VSRs by measuring both the thickness and the chemical composition of the crust that builds the VSRs. A high-quality geochemical survey of the basaltic seafloor was made recently, and it will soon be augmented by an international drilling project. Now, IMPULSE will measure the variation in thickness and seismic velocity (hence bulk composition) of the entire crust beneath several VSRs for the first time.Our pilot work indicates that IMPULSE will provide firm evidence for fluctuations in mantle temperature on a million-year timeframe to give the first definitive proof of the Mantle Plume Pulsing hypothesis. Furthermore, by formally correcting for the complicating effect of mid-ocean ridge tectonic processes on VSR crustal thickness for the first time, our new VSR record will determine the shortest time period for fluctuations in mantle temperature. These results are crucial to test hypotheses for how mantle convection has influenced Earth's surface and climate proceses.
地幔是地球最大的组成部分,占地球体积的84%。虽然地幔是固体,但在地质时期,它像流体一样剧烈地搅动,这一过程被称为地幔对流,由地球内部放射性衰变产生的热量和来自上方的冷却驱动。地幔对流使地球的整个表面变形成一个由隆起和凹陷组成的连锁模式,称为“动态地形”,直径为数千公里,高度为几公里。动态地形影响洋流模式、陆地表面侵蚀和侵蚀沉积物的积累,这些影响控制着宝贵的天然矿物资源的分布。火山活动通常也与对流环流中的热的上升元素(称为地幔柱)有关。最活跃的地幔柱产生了大火成岩省(LIPs)- LIPs与地球历史上一些对全球气候、生态系统和碳循环最显著的扰动发生在时间上相吻合,包括质量扰动、海洋缺氧事件和新生代最大的自然全球变暖事件。虽然这些时间框架是在数千万年或更长的时间内发生的,但这些时间框架太慢,无法解释通常与LIPs同时发生的环境变化的快速发生和短暂持续时间。但现在越来越多的证据表明,地幔对流的模式,动态地形和火成岩涌出可以在不到一百万年的时间内演变。这一理论的关键是一个被称为“热柱脉动”的过程,在这个过程中,地幔中较热和较冷的团块沿着地幔柱内的对流环流。最大的地幔柱中最热的脉冲,如冰岛地幔柱,可以以超过200毫米/年的速度上升,这比构造板块的运动更快,并且可以导致当地海平面的变化超过1毫米/年,类似于现代平均全球海平面变化。在这样的速度下,过去冰岛地幔柱的脉动可能已经足够快地激活了北大西洋LIP的温室气体生成,以解释古新世-始新世热最大极端全球气候变化事件,这是人类气候变化的最佳自然模拟。然而,由于缺乏关键数据,冰岛或地球其他主要地幔柱的地幔柱脉动假说并没有被普遍接受。对冰岛附近被称为“V形脊”(VSRs)的海底特征进行高质量的测量,包括世界上最好的热脉冲记录,将解决这一差距。我们与VSR替代模型的主要倡导者合作,设计了一个实验,通过测量形成VSR的地壳的厚度和化学成分来确定VSR的起源。最近对玄武岩海底进行了一次高质量的地球化学调查,不久将通过一个国际钻探项目予以加强。现在,IMPULSE将首次测量几个VSR下整个地壳的厚度和地震速度(因此是整体成分)的变化。我们的试点工作表明,IMPULSE将为地幔温度在百万年时间范围内的波动提供确凿的证据,从而首次明确证明地幔柱脉动假说。此外,通过首次正式校正洋中脊构造过程对VSR地壳厚度的复杂影响,我们的新VSR记录将确定地幔温度波动的最短时间段。这些结果对于验证地幔对流如何影响地球表面和气候过程的假设至关重要。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}
{{
item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
- DOI:
{{ item.doi }} - 发表时间:
{{ item.publish_year }} - 期刊:
- 影响因子:{{ item.factor }}
- 作者:
{{ item.authors }} - 通讯作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ monograph.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ sciAawards.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ conferencePapers.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ patent.updateTime }}
Stephen Jones其他文献
Manyetik Rezonans Fingerprinting tekniğinin epilepsideki uygulaması
Manyetik Rezonans 指纹技术技术
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Siemens Healthineers;İnovasyon • Ekim;Siyuan Hu;Joon;Yul Choi;Debra McGivney;Stephen Jones;Imad Najm;Mark Griswold;I. Wang;Dan Ma - 通讯作者:
Dan Ma
BIM business value generation theory: a grounded theory approach
BIM 商业价值生成理论:扎根理论方法
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2019 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
M. Munir;A. Kiviniemi;Stephen Jones;S. Finnegan - 通讯作者:
S. Finnegan
Drug resistance determinants in Herring Gulls ( Larus argentatus ) and human wastewater in Cape Cod
科德角银鸥(Larus argentatus)和人类废水中的耐药性决定因素
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2009 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Karen A. Alroy;J. Ellis;N. Balaban;Stephen Jones - 通讯作者:
Stephen Jones
Development of predictive vehicle & drivetrain operating strategies based upon advanced information & communication technologies
预测车辆的开发
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2014 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Stephen Jones;A. Huss;E. Kural;Alexander Massoner;E. Morra;C. Simon;R. Tatschl;C. Vock - 通讯作者:
C. Vock
Working in International Health
从事国际卫生工作
- DOI:
10.1093/occmed/kqs044 - 发表时间:
2011 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.7
- 作者:
Stephen Jones;Maia Gedde;Susana Edjang;K. Mandeville - 通讯作者:
K. Mandeville
Stephen Jones的其他文献
{{
item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
- DOI:
{{ item.doi }} - 发表时间:
{{ item.publish_year }} - 期刊:
- 影响因子:{{ item.factor }}
- 作者:
{{ item.authors }} - 通讯作者:
{{ item.author }}
{{ truncateString('Stephen Jones', 18)}}的其他基金
Virtual Site Survey of Pernambuco Plateau, Brazil in support of IODP 864: Origin, Evolution and Palaeoenvironment of the Equatorial Atlantic Gateway
支持 IODP 864 的巴西伯南布哥高原虚拟现场调查:赤道大西洋门户的起源、演化和古环境
- 批准号:
NE/M021238/1 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 88.62万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
GOALI: High Performance Transferred Electron Oscillators for 100-300 GHz
GOALI:100-300 GHz 高性能转移电子振荡器
- 批准号:
9521521 - 财政年份:1996
- 资助金额:
$ 88.62万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
100-300 GHz Modulated Impurity Concentration Transferred Electron Devices
100-300 GHz 调制杂质浓度转移电子器件
- 批准号:
9202037 - 财政年份:1992
- 资助金额:
$ 88.62万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Spatial and Temporal Heterogeneity of Cerebral Blood Flow
脑血流的时空异质性
- 批准号:
9022190 - 财政年份:1991
- 资助金额:
$ 88.62万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
RIA: Simulating Patterned Substrate Epitaxy of Gallium- Arsenide Rand Related Compounds
RIA:模拟砷化镓和相关化合物的图案化衬底外延
- 批准号:
9008973 - 财政年份:1990
- 资助金额:
$ 88.62万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
相似海外基金
Taking Earth's volcanic pulse: understanding global volcanic hazards by unlocking the ice core archive
掌握地球火山脉搏:通过解锁冰芯档案了解全球火山危害
- 批准号:
MR/X024016/1 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 88.62万 - 项目类别:
Fellowship
Taking a high frequency pulse of rivers: the new wave of water-quality and pollution checks to support integrated real-time river basin management.
掌握河流的高频脉搏:新一轮水质和污染检查,支持流域综合实时管理。
- 批准号:
2741923 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 88.62万 - 项目类别:
Studentship
Collaborative Research: Taking the Pulse of the Arctic Ocean - A US Contribution to the International Synoptic Arctic Survey
合作研究:把握北冰洋的脉搏——美国对国际北极天气调查的贡献
- 批准号:
2053116 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 88.62万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Taking the Pulse of the Arctic Ocean - A US Contribution to the International Synoptic Arctic Survey
合作研究:把握北冰洋的脉搏——美国对国际北极天气调查的贡献
- 批准号:
2052513 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 88.62万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Taking the Pulse of the Arctic Ocean - A US Contribution to the International Synoptic Arctic Survey
合作研究:把握北冰洋的脉搏——美国对国际北极天气调查的贡献
- 批准号:
2053084 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 88.62万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Taking the Pulse of the Arctic Ocean - A US Contribution to the International Synoptic Arctic Survey
合作研究:把握北冰洋的脉搏——美国对国际北极天气调查的贡献
- 批准号:
2051642 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 88.62万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Taking the Pulse of the Arctic Ocean - A US Contribution to the International Synoptic Arctic Survey
合作研究:把握北冰洋的脉搏——美国对国际北极天气调查的贡献
- 批准号:
2053101 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 88.62万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Taking the Pulse of the Arctic Ocean - A US Contribution to the International Synoptic Arctic Survey
合作研究:把握北冰洋的脉搏——美国对国际北极天气调查的贡献
- 批准号:
2052626 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 88.62万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Taking the Pulse of the Arctic Ocean - A US Contribution to the International Synoptic Arctic Survey
合作研究:把握北冰洋的脉搏——美国对国际北极天气调查的贡献
- 批准号:
2053003 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 88.62万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Taking the Pulse of the Arctic Ocean - A US Contribution to the International Synoptic Arctic Survey
合作研究:把握北冰洋的脉搏——美国对国际北极天气调查的贡献
- 批准号:
2053098 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 88.62万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant