"No Sex Pleas, We are Catholic". Reproduction and Partnership in the Area of Conflict Between (De-)Secularisation and (De-)Privatisation of Religion in Ireland and Poland

该研究项目旨在编写一本科学专著，比较天主教国家爱尔兰和波兰的性倾向发展情况。因此，它寻找（不）存在的路径依赖，影响了这两个社会的发展。此外，它还表明，将宏观社会学理论（如现代化理论）和宗教社会学模型应用于实际历史发展是多么困难。最近和预期的未来结果强调，在人类性行为方面既没有也没有朝着普遍自由化的线性发展（被理解为现代化的一部分），特别是在审视这些发展的文化和司法环境时。相反，矛盾和（联合国）同时发生的现象，可以通过比较两个天主教社会观察到。虽然这两个经历了现代化的进程在下半个20世纪世纪，这并没有导致普遍下降的宗教和认同某一特定的忏悔。在这两个国家的情况下，必须考虑到其他因素和情况：其中一个因素是两个社会在1980年代末和1990年代经历的（经济）转型的影响及其对价值观转变的影响。与此密切相关的另一个问题涉及政治精英对这些社会变化以及价值观转变的态度。因此，该项目将不仅反映旨在解释性倾向变化的宏观社会学模型。它还试图克服史学的分裂，一部分分析“西方社会”，另一部分侧重于“东方集团”的（前）国家社会主义社会。这一比较研究的结果对当前问题的影响是显而易见的。

The research project aims at a scientific monograph that compares the developments in the sexual dispositives in the Catholic countries Ireland and Poland. Therefore, it searches for (non-)existent path dependencies that influenced the developments in these two societies. Furthermore, it shows how difficult it is to apply macro-sociological theories, such as of modernisation, and models of sociology of religion on actual historical developments. The recent and the anticipated future results underline that there neither was nor is a linear development towards a general liberalisation with regard to human sexuality (understood as a part of modernisation), especially while looking at the cultural and juridical circumstances of these developments. Instead, contradictions and (un-)simultaneous phenomena occur that can be observed by comparing the two Catholic societies. Although both underwent processes of modernisation in the second half of the 20th century, this did not lead to a general decline of religiosity and identification with a particular confession. In the case of these two countries, additional factors and circumstances have to be taken into account: One of these factors is the question of the influence of (economic) transformation both societies experienced in the late 1980s and the 1990s and its impact on shifts of values. Another question closely connected deals with the attitudes of political elites towards these changes in society as well as towards shifts of values. Thus, the project will not only reflect macro-sociological models that aim at explaining the changes in the sexual dispositives. It also tries to overcome the split of historiography in a part that analyses ‘Western societies’ and another part that focuses on the (former) state-socialist societies of the ‘Eastern Block’. The impact of the results of this comparative study on current problems is immanent.