Concepts of Power and the Evolution of Palace Architecture in the West-Islamic Caliphate: The Upper Hall (Edificio Basilical Superior) of Madinat al-Zahra at Córdoba/Spain

富丽堂皇的城市Madinat al-Zahra(在西班牙科尔多瓦附近)由ʿAbd al-Raḥmān III于公元10世纪建立，几年前他声称建立了哈里发国，从而领导了整个伊斯兰社区。该研究项目的重点是所谓的“Edifo Basilical Superior”的建筑，这是皇宫官方部门的两个主要大厅之一，它的邻近建筑及其出入系统。该项目的目的是研究建筑和城市规划如何反映出对哈里发角色的自我认知。该项目将调查建筑设计与空间组织和宫廷仪式之间的关系，以及古代拜占庭和伊斯兰世界的建筑和城市概念是如何被进一步适应和发展的。特别令人感兴趣的是，在ʿAbd al-Raḥmān III及其继任者进行行政改革后，哈里发席位从科尔多瓦转移到马迪纳特·扎赫拉之后，实施了新的建筑措施和改造。研究的历史可以追溯到20世纪初，在DFG项目的第一个资助期进行了回顾，并在Madinat al-Zahra博物馆的杂志上补充了完整的3D调查、古典建筑图纸和对建筑碎片的研究。正在进行的项目基于这份详尽的文档。此外，还计划进行一次地球物理调查，以了解研究区以前的建筑情况。将区分建设阶段，研究建筑技术，并检查空间概念、维度、顺序和比例系统。作为一种研究工具，正在开发H-BIM，以便能够合并所有数据，区分建筑阶段，将现代增建建筑与历史建筑记录分开，以及审查关于建筑原始外观的替代假设。这项研究的结果将有助于了解整个哈里发城市Madinat al-Zahra以及中世纪早期的知识史。将从建筑学的角度分析权力和统治的概念及其在中世纪早期社会中的表现。在项目过程中，初步研究结果将在跨学科研究小组中讨论，在会议上提出，并在科学期刊上发表。所有获得的数据将以可持续的方式存储在德国考古研究所和Madinat al-Zahra博物馆的系统内。因此，这些结果将被长期保存，并将用于未来的研究。该项目的最终成果将作为专题卷出版，并将纳入世界文化遗产地的公开介绍。

The palatial city Madinat al-Zahra (near Córdoba/Spain) was founded by ʿAbd al-Raḥmān III in the 10th c. CE, a few years after his claim to the caliphate and thus leadership of the entire Islamic community. The research project focuses on the architecture of the so called „Edificio Basilical Superior”, one of the two main halls in the official sector of the palace, its adjacent buildings and its system of access. The aim of the project is to examine how the architecture and the urban planning reflected the self-perception of the role of the caliph. The project will investigate the relationship between the architectural design and the spatial organisation and the court ceremony known from historic sources, and how architectural and urban concepts from the ancient, Byzantine and Islamic world were adapted and developed further. Of special interest are the new building measures and modifications effected after the shift of the caliphal seat from Córdoba to Madinat al-Zahra in the wake of administrative reforms undertaken by ʿAbd al-Raḥmān III and his successors. The history of research, which goes back to the early 20th century, was reviewed in the first funding period of the DFG project and supplemented by a complete 3D survey, classical architectural drawings and studies on building fragments in the magazine of the Madinat al-Zahra Museum. The ongoing project is based on this exhaustive documentation. In addition a geophysical survey is planned to gain knowledge about predecessor buildings in the research area. Construction phases will be distinguished, building technologies studied, and spatial concepts, systems of dimension, order and proportion examined. As a research tool, an H-BIM is being developed to allow the merge of all data, the differentiation of building phases and the separation of modern additions from the historic building record, as well as the examination of alternative hypotheses on the original appearance of the building. The results of this research will contribute to the understanding of the caliphal city Madinat al-Zahra as a whole as well as to the history of knowledge of the early medieval period. Concepts of power and rulership and their representation in the early medieval society will be analysed from an architectural point of view. During the course of the project, preliminary findings will be discussed in interdisciplinary research groups, presented at conferences and published in scientific journals. All obtained data will be stored in a sustainable manner within the systems of the German Archaeological Institute and of the Madinat al-Zahra Museum. The results will thus be preserved on a long term basis and will be available for future research. The final results of the project will be published as a monographic volume and will be incorporated into the public presentation of the world cultural heritage site.