Alternative splicing as an element of signal transduction in multi-step phosphorelay systems of fungi

微生物（尤其是病原真菌）与环境甚至宿主之间的“交流”机制是当前的研究热点。信号转导是高度复杂的，并且必须允许微生物在病原体/宿主相互作用或病原体/环境相互作用期间与有限数量的信号蛋白对许多不同的刺激反应。许多不同的外部刺激的数量必须首先被微生物感知并转化为可传输的信号，这些信号可以被细胞“处理”。这是通过几种传感器蛋白通过磷酸化来实现的。目前尚不清楚进一步的信号传播是如何准确发生的，因为在大多数病原真菌中，只有一种单一的磷酸转移蛋白（Ypd 1 p）存在，用于将所有不同的信号转导到细胞内的靶位置，在那里它们又启动不同的反应。在初步研究中，我们可以通过初始NGS转录和蛋白质组学数据从植物病原真菌Magnaporthe muscle，不同的转录本和蛋白质亚型出现从单基因序列MoYPD 1。这导致了这样的假设，即不同的，可能是信号特异性的，蛋白质Ypd 1 p的同种型是通过选择性剪接形成的，并且这些使得信号转导具有更高的可变性和特异性。我们希望在拟议的研究项目中，在遗传和蛋白质生化水平上广泛地检验这一假设。

The basic mechanisms that enable microorganisms (especiallypathogenic fungi) to "communicate" with their environment or even with their hosts are current research topics. Signal transduction is highly complex and must allow the microorganisms to react with a limited number of signaling proteins to many different stimuli during pathogen/host interactions or pathogen/environmental interactions. The quantity of many different external stimuli must first be percepted and converted by the microorganisms into transportable signals, which can be "processed" by the cell. This is achieved by several sensor proteins via phosphorylation. It is not known how the further signal propagation takes place exactly, since in most pathogenic fungi only one single phosphotransfer protein (Ypd1p) exists for signal transduction of all different signals to the target location within the cell, where they in turn initiate different reactions. In preliminary studies, we could show by means of initial NGS transcription and proteomics data from the phytopathogenic fungus Magnaporthe oryzae that different transcript- and protein-isoforms emerge from the single gene sequence MoYPD1. This results in the hypothesis that different, possibly signal-specific, isoforms of the protein Ypd1p are formed via alternative splicing and these enable a higher variability and specificity in the signal transduction. We want to examine this hypothesis extensively at the genetic and protein biochemical level in the proposed research project.