Learning to Delete: Forgetting of Digital Objects as Collaborative Task of Human and AI

在数字工作世界中，数据原则上可以无限存储。与人类记忆不同，外部记忆不会忘记。已经变得无关紧要的数字对象可能会阻碍信息搜索，延误决策过程，转移人们对实际任务的注意力，从而损害工作表现和福祉。为了能够以专注和目标导向的方式工作，遗忘过程在联合认知系统中变得越来越重要。人们不仅必须忽略不相关的信息并故意将其隐藏在记忆中，而且还必须通过隐藏、存档或永久删除这些信息来将其在外部存储器中“忘记”。这就是认知伴侣Dare2Del发挥作用的地方，其基于归纳逻辑编程(ILP)的基本功能是在第一个应用阶段基于认知和职业心理学对工作环境中有意遗忘的研究基础上开发的(SPP的场1和场2)。Dare2Del的目标是支持员工在管理和生产中通过隐藏和删除不相关的数字对象来规范他们的数字知识。Dare2Del被设计为一个交互式的智能辅助系统，通过增量学习来适应用户。在第一个应用阶段，重点是通过淡出无关信息，根据需要支持短期遗忘过程；在第二个应用阶段，工作重点是删除功能。人们经常以非结构化的方式存储太多不相关的数字对象，很少删除它们，通常只有在过时的信息干扰工作流时才这样做。删除伴随着不确定性，在日常工作生活中经常被忽视。因此，遗忘信息系统Dare2Del的删除建议应该设计得透明和易于理解，这样人们才能真正处理这些决定，并对绩效和压力水平产生积极影响。本设计任务涉及SPP的第四个工作区。它计划从经验上研究认知伴侣的哪些设计特征，哪些个人(例如，抑制能力)和组织条件(例如，社会规范)确实支持员工关于哪些数字对象可以删除的决策。配套系统Dare2Del将通过一个组件进行扩展，以生成不同类型的解释。将开发一种协作学习方法，允许用户标记他们不接受的已生成语句的部分，然后将其视为增量学习中的约束条件。

In the digital world of work, data can in principle be stored in unlimited quantities. Unlike human memory, external memory does not forget. Digital objects that have become irrelevant can hinder the search for information, delay decision-making processes, divert attention away from the actual task and thus impair work performance and well-being. In order to be able to work in a focused and goal-oriented way, forgetting processes in the joint cognitive system become increasingly important. People not only have to ignore irrelevant information and deliberately inhibt it in their memory, but also "forget" it in external memory by hiding, archiving or permanently deleting this information. This is where the cognitive companion Dare2Del comes into play, whose basic functions based on inductive logic programming (ILP) were developed in the first application period on the basis of cognitive and occupational psychology research on intentional forgetting in the working context (field 1 and 2 of the SPP). The goal of Dare2Del is to support employees in administration and production to regulate their digital knowledge by hiding and deleting irrelevant digital objects. Dare2Del is designed as an interactive, intelligent assistance system that adapts to users through incremental learning. In the first application period focus was on the need-based support of short-term forgetting processes by fading out irrelevant information; in the second application period the work focuses on the function of deletion. People often store too many irrelevant digital objects in an unstructured way, rarely delete them, often doing so only when outdated information interferes with the workflow. Deletion is accompanied by uncertainty and is often neglected in everyday working life. Consequently, the deletion recommendations of the forgetting information system Dare2Del should be designed transparently and comprehensible such that people actually deal with these decisions and that performance and stress level are positively influenced. This design task addresses work area 4 of the SPP. It is planed to empirically study which design features of the cognitive companion, which personal (e.g., ability to inhibit) and organizational conditions (e.g., social norms), do support employees in their decision making about which digital objects can be deleted. The companion system Dare2Del is to be extended by a component for the generation of different types of explanations. A collaborative learning approach will be developed, allowing users to mark portions of the generated statements that they do not accept which are then considered as constraints in incremental learning.