Behavior-genetic study on altruistic behavior in the inbred strain of mice

我们的目的，本研究中描述的章节中密切关注的问题，近似机制的杀线虫剂：如何抑制杀线虫行为？是什么让一些人，而不是其他人，杀死年轻人？为什么有些后代会被杀死，而另一些不会被杀死，而杀死后代的人又是如何避免杀死自己的后代的？在第二章中，我们发现C57 BL和BALB品系的成年雄虱表现出杀死幼崽的行为，而DBA和C3 H品系的小鼠则忽视或看护新生幼崽。相反，在所有近交系中，大多数成年雌性小鼠通常表现出母性行为。此外，在大多数近交系小鼠中，杀死幼鼠的行为开始于约60日龄。在第三章中，我们提出了三重关系的五个原则，以解释抑制啮齿动物杀婴行为的机制。在第四章中，我们发现一只成年雄性小鼠可以计算出它的后代将在交配后19天左右出生， ...更多信息 这促进了父母的行为，抑制了杀死幼犬的行为。从数据来看，这种现象可能代表了一种机制，通过这种机制，雄性小鼠被抑制杀死自己的后代。在第五章中，我们还发现成年小鼠的雄性和雌性都能区分自己的后代和外来的后代。从这些数据来看，这种区分似乎是基于成年老鼠嗅小狗和舔小狗的嗅觉和味觉线索，在第6章和第7章中，我们提出了几个关于动物行为（如捕杀和区分）如何能够解释亲属识别现象的概念：即利他主义、裙带关系和父母投资都被用来指与杀害亲属和亲属承认有关的文献中的同一现象。从我们对动物利他行为的观点来看，我们得出结论，人类的杀婴行为在任何情况下都是受到谴责的，杀婴行为不太可能增强父母的适应性。少

Our purposes of the present study described in chapter in the closely on questions about Proximate mechanisms of infanticide : How are infanticidal behaviors inhibited ? What make some individual, but not other, kill young ? Why are some offspring but not others killed and by what means do infanticidal individuals avoid killing their own offspring ?In Chapter 2, we found that adult male lice of C57BL and BALB strains exhibited pup-killing behavior, while the mice of DBA and C3H strains ignored or nursed toward newborn pup. In contrast, most of adult female mice in all inbred strains usually exhibited maternal behavior. Furthermore, mice in most inbred strains, pup-killing behavior begins at about 60 days of age. In Chapter 3, we proposed five principles of triad relationship in order to interpret the mechanism of inhibiting pup-killing behavior in the rodents. In Chapter 4, we found that an adult male mouse could calculate that his offspring would be born about 19 days after mating dur … More ing which parental behavior is facilitated and pup-killing behavior is inhibited. From the data, it is possible that this phenomenon may represents a, -mechanism by which male mice are inhibited from killing their own offspring. In Chapter 5, we found also that both male and female of adult mice are able to discriminate between their own and alien offsprings. It is possible from this data that the discrimination appears to be based upon olfactory and gustatory cues from occurrences of pup-sniffing and pup-licking of adult mice.In Chapters 6 and 7, we proposed several concepts concerning how animal behaviors such as infanticide and discrimination be able to explain the phenomenon of kin recognition : namely, altruist, nepotism and parental investment are all used to refer to the same phenomenon bearing on the literature concerning infanticide and kin recognition. From our perspectives on altruistic behavior in animals, we conclude that human infanticide is condemned in all circumstances and the act of infanticide is unlikely to enhance the fitness of the parent. Less