Utilization of Two-Dimensional Carbon Prepared in the Interlamellar Spacing of Clay Mineral

低维石墨近年来引起了人们的广泛关注。我们开发了一种新的碳制备方法“模板碳化”，利用蒙脱土的面间距制备二维石墨。本项目的目的是利用这种独特的碳来生产碳材料。第一年，我们尝试合成K-GIC（钾-石墨插层化合物），第二年尝试将其应用于二次电池。为了澄清基质结构的影响，还使用了其他一些粘土。对于低维石墨，在插层和解吸过程中，晶粒破碎的程度很小。用该碳制备的锂二次电池在稳定性和电荷密度方面表现出优异的性能。带橄榄石是一种高结晶粘土，产生了高取向、高结晶度的碳。另一方面，皂化土产生一种非常独特的碳，它与有机液体接触时会膨胀。测定了蒙脱土制备的石墨的磁阻。该值比x射线参数的预期值小得多。这表明这种碳的低维性质。

Low dimensional graphite has recently attracted much attention. We have developed a new carbon preparation method "Template Cabdonization" which utilizes the interplanar spacing of montmorillonite for the preparation of 2-dimensional graphite. The aim of the present project is to produce carbon materials from this unique carbon. In the first year, we tried to synthesize K-GIC (potassium-graphite intercalation compound), and in the second year the application to the secondary battery was attempted. Some other clays were used for the purpose of clarifying the effect of the structure of host materials.1. The extent of crystallite breakage was quite small in the process of interalation and desorption for the case of low dimensional graphite.2. The lithium secondary battery derived from this carbon showed excellent behaviors in the stability and charge density.3. Taeniolite, which is highly crystalline clay, produced the carbon with high orientation and high crystallinity.4. On the other hand, saponite produced a very unique carbon which swells upon the contact with organic liguids.5. Magnetoresistance of the graphite from montmorillonite was determined. The value was much smaller than expected from the X-ray parameter. This suggests the low dimensional nature of this carbon.