Materials for Selective and Sustainable HydroCarbon Removal from Water

我们建议开发和研究一类新的高效无毒材料来处理碳氢化合物废水(HCS)。根据拟议的设计，这些材料将能够非常有效地吸附大多数种类的碳氢化合物，并根据碳氢化合物的化学成分(例如烷烃、芳香、氧或硫官能化或卤化碳氢化合物)的偏好进行调整。这一关键特征将通过特殊的功能分子来实现，这些分子在磁性纳米颗粒的表面形成一个自组装的单分子膜。羟基磷灰石的吸附是可逆的，并致力于分子设计提供的非共价相互作用(范德华作用、氢键、偶极作用、相互作用)。由于有了磁芯，只需施加外加磁场，就可以将吸附的HC从水中去除。这些特性潜在地实现了具有完全回收HCS和纳米颗粒的独特优势的闭环系统过程。我们期待的不只是具有巨大实用意义(经济、环境)的结果，而是对具有定义的混合壳层(二元、三元和四元组成)的核-壳纳米颗粒的新见解。我们的系统提供了一个完美的测试工具，用于研究SAM分子在一个NP表面作为与水基质中复杂混合物化合物的相互作用表面的正交性。我们希望为反胶束体系产生新的设计策略，该体系可以由几个不同的分子以可靠的方式组成。

We propose to develop and to investigate a new efficient class of non-toxic materials for waste water treatment from hydrocarbons (HCs). Based on the proposed design, these materials will be able adsorb very efficiently most kind of hydrocarbons with adjustable preference related to the chemical composition of the HC contaminants (e.g. alkanes, aromatic-, oxo- or sulfur functionalized or halogenated hydrocarbons). This key feature will be realized by special functional molecules, which form a self-assembled monolayer on the surface of magnetic nanoparticles. The adsorption of HCs is reversible and dedicated to non-covalent interactions (van-der Waals, H-bonding, dipole, -interaction) provided by the molecular design of the SAM molecules. Due to the magnetic core, the adsorbed HCs become removable from water by simply applying an external magnetic field. These properties potentially enable a closed-loop process with the unique advantage of full recovery of the HCs and the nanoparticles. We do not expect only results of enormous practical (economical, environmental) relevance, rather than a new insight in to core-shell nanoparticles with defined mixed shells (binary, ternary and quaternary composition). Our system provides a perfect test vehicle to study even orthogonal functionality of SAM molecules on one NP-surface as interaction surface to complex mixtures chemical compounds in aqueous matrix. We hope to generate new design strategies for inverted micelle systems which can be composed of several different molecules in a reliable way.