Randomazied Intervention Study of beta-carotene, Chlorophyll and Catechin on Health Effects : a study on utilizing on biological makers such as mutagenicity, natural killer activity and sister chromatid exchange.

大约200名每天吸烟15支或更多的吸烟者志愿者被随机分为三组，β-胡萝卜素（30毫克/天），叶绿素（120毫克/天）和对照组（1毫克β-胡萝卜素/天）。他们被随访了六个月，每隔三个月进行一次生化和其他血液测量。基线（研究开始时）检查表明，蔬菜和水果摄入量与β-胡萝卜素和其他类胡萝卜素水平呈正相关。豆腐的摄入出乎意料地，但强烈相关的β-胡萝卜素和隐黄质的水平下降。饮酒量与各种类胡萝卜素的水平呈强烈的负相关。至于β-胡萝卜素和叶绿素的影响，自然杀伤细胞（NK）活性在基线检查后3个月和6个月均呈下降趋势，姐妹染色单体交换（SCE）和微核（MN）频率在基线检查后3个月和6个月均呈下降趋势。因此，本研究没有提供β-胡萝卜素和叶绿素施用对所选生物标志物如NK活性、SCE和MN频率的明确影响。

About 200 volunteers of smokers who consumed 15 or more cigarettes a day were divided at random into three groups, beta-carotene (30 mg/day), chlorophyll (120 mg/day) and control (1 mg beta-carotene/day) groups. They were followed for six months with biochemical and other measurement of blood at three months intervals. The baseline (at the initiation of the study) examination indicates that vegetables and fruits intake were positively related to beta-carotene and other carotenoid levels. Tofu intake was unexpectedly, but strongly related to decreased the levels of beta-carotene and cryptoxanthine. Alcohol consumption was strongly and inversely associated with the levels of various carotenoids.As regards the effects of beta-carotene and chlorophyll, natural killer (NK) activities tended to decrease in 3 and 6 months later after the baseline examination for the two groups as well as for the control group.The frequencies of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and micronuclei (MN) decreased in 3 and 6 months later for the two study groups, but the control groups showed similar tendency.Thus, the study did not provide clear-cut effects of beta-carotene and chlorophyll administration on selected biomarkers such as NK activities, SCE and MN frequencies.