Coordination Proposal - Romanization and Islamication in Late Antiquity

拟议中的人文中心召集了比较帝国研究的学科。我们的方法旨在比较西地中海历史区域的跨文化同化过程，重点是伊比利亚半岛和北非在公元第一个千年，或所谓的“漫长的晚期古代”，包括早期伊斯兰时期。经济上重要的伊比利亚半岛和马格里布是边缘地区，无论是在异教徒，后来基督化的罗马人，还是在伊斯兰帝国。在千年之初，这两个地区的特点是文化，凯尔特人-伊比利亚人和柏柏尔人，虽然受到希腊文明的影响，但仍保持着自己独特的特点。罗马帝国和伊斯兰帝国都塑造了社会、城市、行政管理和风景的形成。这两个宗教都引入了起源于中东的救赎宗教作为国家宗教，但采取了不同的社会实施方法(强制宗教同质化/宗教，尽管不是平等的多元化)。在两个帝国结束后，罗马文化在日耳曼领导人的领导下蓬勃发展，自治的乌马亚人和阿格拉比德人领导的伊斯兰文化也是如此。虽然在伊比利亚半岛，罗马基督教元素仍然存在了几个世纪，尽管伊斯兰化，但在阿拉伯征服后的两三个世纪后，北非以前的罗马基督教文化(奥古斯丁)几乎完全消失了。在这里，文化伊斯兰化与宗教伊斯兰化融合在一起。这种历史情况允许在一个虽然地理上远离帝国中心但仍然重要的空间中构建跨文化适应过程的理论模型。人文中心将把关于罗马化和伊斯兰化领域的基础研究问题、方法论和立场的辩论联系起来，这些问题长期以来在不同的学科中相互平行进行。人文中心还将为这两个研究领域产生新的经验信息。它还将从西地中海的主题出发，为跨文化和比较帝国研究领域贡献新的模式和理论。正是这种方法的结合，有可能打破当代罗马化和伊斯兰化的联系，将其视为“前现代形式的殖民主义”。反过来，目前关于跨文化性和帝国的理论和模型可以检验它们与这个项目的历史和地理焦点的相关性。人文中心以话语为导向的形式，一方面是核心研究人员的个人研究，另一方面是国际奖学金计划的相互作用，非常适合于在这一领域活跃和重构全球话语。

The proposed Humanities Center convenes the disciplines of comparative empire studies. Our approach aims to compare transcultural assimilation processes in the historical region of the western Mediterranean with focus on the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa during the first millennium CE, or the so-called "Long Late Antiquity", including the Early Islamic Period. The economically significant Iberian Peninsula and the Maghreb were peripheral regions, both in the pagan, later Christianized Roman, and in the Islamic Empire. At the beginning of the millennium both regions were characterized by cultures, Celt-Iberian and Berber, that were influenced by Hellenistic civilization, but maintained their own, distinct characteristics. Both the Roman and the Islamic empires shaped the formation of societies, cities, administration, and landscapes. Both introduced a salvation religion, originating from the Middle East, as the state religion, but took a different approach to their social implementation (forced religious homogenization / religious albeit not equal plurality). After the end of each of the two empires, the Roman culture flourished under the Germanic leaders, as did the Islamic culture under the autonomous Umayyads and Aghlabids. While in the Iberian Peninsula the Roman-Christian element remained in evidence for centuries, despite Islamication, the previously Roman-Christian culture of North Africa (Augustine) disappeared almost entirely after two or three centuries after the Arab conquest. Here, the cultural Islamication merged with a religious Islamization. This historical situation permits the construction of theoretical models of transcultural adaptation processes in a space that, although geographically distant from the imperial centers, nonetheless continued to be of importance.The Humanities Center will connect debates about fundamental research issues, methodology, and positions in the field of Romanization and Islamication, that have for long been conducted parallel to one another, in separate disciplines. The Humanities Center will also generate new empirical information for the two research fields. From its thematic departure point of the western Mediterranean, it will also contribute new models and theories to the field of transcultural and comparative empire studies. It is precisely this combination of approaches that has the potential to break up contemporary associations of Romanization and Islamication as 'pre-modern forms of colonization'. In turn, current theories and models on Transculturality and Empires can be tested for their relevance to the historical and geographical focus of this project. The discourse-oriented format of the Humanities Center, with its interplay between the individual research of the core group of researchers on the one hand, and an international fellowship program on the other, is extraordinarily suited to dynamize and restructure global discourse in this field.