REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR OF DIMORPHIC MALES IN ANTS.

1)有翅和无翅繁殖蚁交配器官大小的分化：对白足蚁双形生殖蚁的交配器官进行了研究，并与Hypoponera bondroiti、H. sp.和Condyla sp.的双形雄蚁的交配器官进行了比较。雌性交配器官的平均长度为0.441mm，无翅的为0.305mm。这些结果表明，有翼和无翼的生殖之间的交叉交配可能是不可能的形态在这个物种。2）双形类雄蛛的生殖行为：该种雄蛛为双形无翅类雄蛛（大、小），双形生殖类雌蛛（有翅类和类雄蛛），双形生殖类雌蛛（有翅类和类雄蛛） ...更多信息 女王和工人。大型类雄蚁是所有殖民地成员中最大的。两个主要的雄性在巢中互相争斗，直到一个消失，留下另一个占据蚁后出现和交配的巢室。小的类雄蚁也会互相争斗，尽管它们似乎不那么好斗，导致偶尔会有多个小的类雄蚁在同一个巢室中同居，大的类雄蚁从不攻击小的类雄蚁，允许它们在同一个巢室中共存。3）琉球特有蚁与流浪蚁的社会结构和生殖系统：在冲绳进行的物种-生境关系调查表明，开阔地主要是流浪蚁，但原始森林中有许多特有种。对广布种的群体结构和生殖系统进行了简要的回顾和讨论。在这些物种中，次要的一夫多妻制和多居制占主导地位。该系统的特点是巢内交配，这可能会降低婚飞的风险，并确保采用新的女王。在形态和行为的多样性，特别是在男性，似乎发展，提供工人的照顾。狭域林物种大多为单雌生殖。少

1) Size differentiation of copulatory organs between winged and wingless reproductives in the ant Technomyrmex albipes : The copulatory organs of dimorphic reproductives of Technomyrmex albipes were studied and compared with those of dimorphic males of Hypoponera bondroiti, H.sp.and Cardiocondyla sp. In T.albipes, the mean length of the aedeagal plate was 0.392mm in winged males and 0.211mm in wingless ones. The mean length of female copulatory organs was 0.441mm in winged females and 0.305mm in wingless ones. These results suggest that cross-mating between winged and wingless reproductives might be morphologically impossible in this species. On the other hand, the difference in male genitalia was not so great in other species in which cross-mating has been observed.2) Dimorphic ergatoid males and their reproductive behavior in the ponerine ant Hypoponera bondroiti : This species has dimorphic wingless ergatoid males (major and minor), dimorphic reproductive females (alate and ergatoid … More queens) and workers. Major ergatoid males are the largest of all the colony members. Two major males fought one another in the nest until one disappeared, leaving the other to occupy the nest chambers where queens emerge and mate. Minor ergatoid males also fought one another, although they seemed to be less pugnacious, resulting in occasional cohabitation of multiple minor males in the same nest chamber, Major males never attacked minor ones, allowing them to coexist in the same nest chamber. Minor males seemed to mimic females.3) Social structure and reproductive systems of tramp versus endemic ants of the Ryukyu Islands : A survey on species-habitat relationships made on the islands of Okinawa indicated that open lands were occupied predominantly by tramp species, but primary forests containd many endemic species. Colony structure and the reproductive system of the eurychoric species are briefly reviewed and discussed. A secondary polygynous and polydomous system is predominant in these species. This system is characterized by intranidal mating, which may reduce the risk in nuptial flights and ensure the adoption of new queens. A diversity in morphology and behavior, especially in male, seems to develop, provided the workers care for them. Stenochoric forest species are mostly monogynous. Less