Study on Gas-Tungsten-Arc Electrode

本文对钨中分别掺入少量La-、Y-、Ce-、Th-、Mg-氧化物和纯钨的气体钨弧阴极的性能进行了比较研究。比较了直流电弧放电的起弧特性、电弧压力、电极消耗、重负载和惰性气体保护不完全引起的形状变化以及电极温度。研究表明，La氧化物、Y氧化物和Ce氧化物电极在这些性能方面具有优越性。还考察了含有这三种氧化物中的两种的电极，并且表明这些电极具有类似的非常优越的上级性能。用显微镜直接观察了电弧燃烧过程中的阴极尖端，研究了在阴极区周围形成钨“边”的重要现象，它决定着电弧的稳定性。在氩氧混合气体中，铜包电极具有抑制钨消耗的能力。

A comparative study has been made of characteristics of gas-tungsten-arc (GTA) cathodes, consisting of tungsten mixed with a small quantity of La-, Y-, Ce-, Th, Mg-oxides respectively and pure-tungsten. Arc starting characteristics, arc pressure, electrode consumption, change in shape due to heavy loading and incompleteness of inert gas shielding, and electrode temperature are compared in D.C.E.N. porarity, and it is shown the superiority of La-oxide, Y-oxide and Ce-oxide electrodes in those characteristics. Electrodes containing two of these three kinds of oxides are also examined and it is shown those electrodes have very superior properties similarly. Direct observation of cathode tip by microscope during arc burning is carried out and important phenomena concerning the formation of tungsten "rim" at the periphery of cathode area, which governs the stability of arc, studied. Copper coverd electrode is produced and it is shown the ability of supression of consumption of tungsten in the Argon-Oxygen mixed gas.