Analysis in Plant Morphogenesis by means of Aseptic Tissue and Cell Cultures.

1)研究了茄科植物矮牵牛、马铃薯、番茄、豌豆、茄子等植物叶肉原生质体的分离和培养，组织和细胞培养物的细胞分化和突变及其在实际应用中的应用。大豆和胡萝卜的细胞培养物也容易制备原生质体并进行培养。3)建立的保育培养体系能有效地诱导大豆细胞悬浮液中分离出的原生质体进行第一次细胞分裂和集落形成。这些细胞分裂也是在相对低渗透条件下添加还原型氮(如酪氨酸)诱导的。激动素在M期、S期和G2期对细胞分裂有独特的刺激作用。4)研究了马铃薯原生质体核分裂后细胞壁再生所需的糖对细胞第一次分裂和克隆形成的影响。5)马铃薯组织DNA图谱的限制性内切酶分析表明，在马铃薯组织培养的早期阶段，总DNA中最多标记了C14-胸腺嘧啶核苷。杂交种DNA不仅是线粒体DNA，而且是GC含量较高的核DNA的一部分。对马铃薯无菌苗培养的激素和营养调控进行了研究。7)研究了几个胡萝卜胚性品系对低水平5-MT、CES和ROUND-UP的悬浮反应。虽然没有观察到一种使整个植物产生抗药性的体外抗药性机制，但鉴定出了一些潜在的抗药性菌株。

1) This investigation has been undertaken on the isolation of protoplasts and their cultures, cellular differentiation and mutation of tissue and cell cultures, and their applications to practical uses.2) Methods have been developed for the isolation and cultures of mesophyll protoplasts of Solanaceae plants including petunia, potato, tomato, peaman, and eggplant. Cell cultures of soybean and carrot were also readily prepared protoplasts and cultured.3) A nurse culture system developed was effective for inducing the first cell division and colony formation of the protoplasts isolated from soybean cell suspensions. These cell divisions were also induced withthe addition of reduced nitrogen such as casaminoacid under relatively low osmotic conditions. Kinetin uniquely stimulated cell division at stages of M, S, and G2 phases.4) The first cell division and colony formation of potato protoplast cultures were investigated on the requirements of sugar supplements for cellwall regeneration afer nuclear division. Cellobiose was found to be effective.5) Restriction enzyme analysis of potato tissue DNA pattern indicated that satilite DNA in total DNA was atmost labeled with C14-thymidine during the early stage of potato tissue cultures. The satilite DNA was not only mtDNA but also a fraction of nuclear DNA with high GC content. The function of this gene must be clarified.6) Hormonal and nutritional controls for the aseptic potato shoot cultures were studied. The results of above research are applicable for the production of microtubers in vitro system.7) Cell suspension responses to low levels of 5MT, CES, and Round-up were evaluated in several embryogenic strains of carrot. Although an in vitro drug resistance mechanism which confers whole plant drug resistance was not observed, some potential drug resistance strains were identified.